When AI Agents Touch CI/CD Configurations: Frequency and Success

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17413v1
• Date: Sat, 24 Jan 2026 11:14:22 GMT
• Title: When AI Agents Touch CI/CD Configurations: Frequency and Success
• Authors: Taher A. Ghaleb,
• Abstract summary: We analyze 8,031 agentic pull requests (PRs) from 1,605 GitHub repositories where AI agents touch YAML.<n>When agents modify CI/CD, 96.77% target GitHub Actions.<n>These results show that AI agents rarely modify CI/CD and focus mostly on GitHub Actions.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: AI agents are increasingly used in software development, yet their interaction with CI/CD configurations is not well studied. We analyze 8,031 agentic pull requests (PRs) from 1,605 GitHub repositories where AI agents touch YAML configurations. CI/CD configuration files account for 3.25% of agent changes, varying by agent (Devin: 4.83%, Codex: 2.01%, p < 0.001). When agents modify CI/CD, 96.77% target GitHub Actions. Agentic PRs with CI/CD changes merge slightly less often than others (67.77% vs. 71.80%), except for Copilot, whose CI/CD changes merge 15.63 percentage points more often. Across 99,930 workflow runs, build success rates are comparable for CI/CD and non-CI/CD changes (75.59% vs. 74.87%), though three agents show significantly higher success when modifying CI/CD. These results show that AI agents rarely modify CI/CD and focus mostly on GitHub Actions, yet their configuration changes are as reliable as regular code. Copilot's strong CI/CD performance despite lower acceptance suggests emerging configuration specialization, with implications for agent training and DevOps automation.

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