Photonic Links for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22011v1
• Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:17:17 GMT
• Title: Photonic Links for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors
• Authors: M. Reefaz Rahman, Karsten Schnier, Ryan Goldsmith, Benjamin J. Lawrie, Joseph M. Lukens, Seongsin M. Kim, Patrick Kung,
• Abstract summary: A growing variety of optically accessible spin qubits have emerged in recent years as key components for quantum sensors, qubits, and quantum memories.<n>We present a unified framework for RF-over-fiber control of optically accessible spins through RFoF.<n>We obtain an RFoF efficiency of 1.81% at 2.90GHz, corresponding to $P_mathrmRF,out=-0.7$dBm.
• Score: 0.4104352271917982
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: A growing variety of optically accessible spin qubits have emerged in recent years as key components for quantum sensors, qubits, and quantum memories. However, the scalability of conventional spin-based quantum architectures remains limited by direct microwave delivery, which introduces thermal noise, electromagnetic cross-talk, and design constraints for cryogenic, high-field, and distributed systems. In this work, we present a unified framework for RF-over-fiber (RFoF) control of optically accessible spins through RFoF optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The RFoF platform relies on an electro-optically modulated telecom-band laser that transmits microwave signals over fiber and a high-speed photodiode that recovers the RF waveform to drive NV center spin transitions. We obtain an RFoF efficiency of 1.81\% at 2.90~GHz, corresponding to $P_{\mathrm{RF,out}}=-0.7$~dBm. The RFoF architecture provides a path toward low-noise, thermally isolated, and cryo-compatible ODMR systems bridging conventional spin-based quantum sensing protocols with emerging distributed quantum technologies.

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