Thermodynamics of the Heisenberg XXX chain with negative spin

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03714v1
• Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2026 16:40:14 GMT
• Title: Thermodynamics of the Heisenberg XXX chain with negative spin
• Authors: Rong Zhong, Yang-Yang Chen, Kun Hao, Wen-li Yang, Vladimir Korepin,
• Abstract summary: We study the thermodynamics of the isotropic Heisenberg XXX spin chain with negative spin.<n>We derive the free energy, entropy, and specific heat, and identify a quantum phase transition separating different thermodynamic regimes.
• Score: 4.336211807762177
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We study the thermodynamics of the isotropic Heisenberg XXX spin chain with negative spin, focusing on the case $s=-1$. The model is equivalent to the quantum lattice nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) model and appears as an effective theory in deep inelastic scattering in high-energy quantum chromodynamics. Owing to its integrability, it admits a consistent Bethe Ansatz description and a well-defined thermodynamic limit. Using the thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz, we analyze the ground state, elementary excitations, and finite-temperature properties. In contrast to the conventional positive spin XXX chain, the negative spin model exhibits a distinct vacuum structure and excitation spectrum, leading to modified TBA equations and unconventional low-temperature behavior. Although the integral equations resemble those of the Lieb-Liniger Bose gas, the thermodynamics and scaling properties are qualitatively different and cannot be continuously connected. We derive the free energy, entropy, and specific heat, and identify a quantum phase transition separating different thermodynamic regimes. At zero temperature, the excitation spectrum becomes linear in the continuum limit and can be described by a conformal field theory. The low-temperature regime realizes a Luttinger-liquid like phase with features unique to the negative spin XXX chain.

Related papers

• Particle creation, adiabaticity, and irreversibility in the TDHO [0.0]
  We study the relationship between particle creation, adiabaticity and irreversibility in terms of three different representations.<n>We provide analytical results that are valid for any functional value of the frequency and along the whole evolution of the TDHO.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-11-30T10:01:47Z)
• Non-thermal eigenstates and slow relaxation in quantum Fredkin spin chains [0.0]
  We study the dynamics and thermalization of the Fredkin spin chain, a system with local three-body interactions. We consider deformations away from its point in order to tune between regimes where kinetic energy dominates those where potential energy does.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-03-06T19:00:16Z)
• Eigenstate Thermalization and its breakdown in Quantum Spin Chains with Inhomogeneous Interactions [6.957613731872692]
  The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that establishes the criteria for ergodicity and thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems.<n>We investigate the thermalization properties of spin-$ 1/2 $ XXZ chain with linearly-inhomogeneous interactions.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-10-30T08:12:21Z)
• Rotor/spin-wave theory for quantum spin models with U(1) symmetry [0.0]
  We show that the zero mode corresponds exactly to a U(1) quantum rotor, related to the Anderson tower of states expected in systems showing symmetry breaking in the thermodynamic limit. This picture leads to an approximate separation of variables between rotor and spin-wave ones, which allows for a correct description of the ground-state and low-energy physics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-03-01T10:04:11Z)
• Gauge Quantum Thermodynamics of Time-local non-Markovian Evolutions [77.34726150561087]
  We deal with a generic time-local non-Markovian master equation. We define current and power to be process-dependent as in classical thermodynamics. Applying the theory to quantum thermal engines, we show that gauge transformations can change the machine efficiency.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-04-06T17:59:15Z)
• Fast Thermalization from the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis [69.68937033275746]
  Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has played a major role in understanding thermodynamic phenomena in closed quantum systems. This paper establishes a rigorous link between ETH and fast thermalization to the global Gibbs state. Our results explain finite-time thermalization in chaotic open quantum systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-12-14T18:48:31Z)
• Uhlmann Fidelity and Fidelity Susceptibility for Integrable Spin Chains at Finite Temperature: Exact Results [68.8204255655161]
  We show that the proper inclusion of the odd parity subspace leads to the enhancement of maximal fidelity susceptibility in the intermediate range of temperatures. The correct low-temperature behavior is captured by an approximation involving the two lowest many-body energy eigenstates.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-11T14:08:02Z)
• Exact thermal properties of free-fermionic spin chains [68.8204255655161]
  We focus on spin chain models that admit a description in terms of free fermions. Errors stemming from the ubiquitous approximation are identified in the neighborhood of the critical point at low temperatures.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-30T13:15:44Z)
• Evolution of a Non-Hermitian Quantum Single-Molecule Junction at Constant Temperature [62.997667081978825]
  We present a theory for describing non-Hermitian quantum systems embedded in constant-temperature environments. We find that the combined action of probability losses and thermal fluctuations assists quantum transport through the molecular junction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-01-21T14:33:34Z)
• Strong Coupling Quantum Thermodynamics with Renormalized Hamiltonian and Temperature [2.542198147027801]
  We develop strong coupling quantum thermodynamics based on the solution of the exact master equation. We find that both the Hamiltonian and the temperature must be renormalized due to the system-reservoir couplings. With the renormalized Hamiltonian and temperature, the exact steady state of open quantum systems can be expressed as a standard Gibbs state.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-10-05T07:34:26Z)
• Probing eigenstate thermalization in quantum simulators via fluctuation-dissipation relations [77.34726150561087]
  The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) offers a universal mechanism for the approach to equilibrium of closed quantum many-body systems. Here, we propose a theory-independent route to probe the full ETH in quantum simulators by observing the emergence of fluctuation-dissipation relations. Our work presents a theory-independent way to characterize thermalization in quantum simulators and paves the way to quantum simulate condensed matter pump-probe experiments.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-20T18:00:02Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.