Extensible universal photonic quantum computing with nonlinearity

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.06544v1
• Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2026 09:50:06 GMT
• Title: Extensible universal photonic quantum computing with nonlinearity
• Authors: Shang Yu, Jinzhao Sun, Kuan-Cheng Chen, Zhi-Huai Yang, Zhenghao Li, Ewan Mer, Yazeed K. Alwehaibi, Shana H. Winston, Dayne Marcus D. Lopena, Zi-Cheng Zhang, Guang Yang, Runxia Tao, Mingti Zhou, Gerard J. Machado, Ying Dong, Roberto Bondesan, Vlatko Vedral, M. S. Kim, Ian A. Walmsley, Raj B. Patel,
• Abstract summary: Universal quantum computing requires an architecture that supports both linear circuits and, crucially, strong nonlinear resources.<n>Here, we report a photonic computer that supports a universal gate set by seamlessly combining fully programmable, scalable linear optical networks with integrated nonlinear modules.<n>This platform enables a broad range of quantum computing and simulation tasks.
• Score: 23.494822608519083
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Universal quantum computing requires an architecture that supports both linear circuits and, crucially, strong nonlinear resources. For quantum photonic systems, integrating such nonlinearities with scalable linear circuitry has been a major bottleneck, leaving most optical experiments without nonlinear operations and, consequently, incapable of achieving universality. Here, we report an extensible photonic computer that supports a universal gate set by seamlessly combining fully programmable, scalable linear optical networks with integrated nonlinear modules. This platform enables a broad range of quantum computing and simulation tasks. We demonstrate the quasi-deterministic generation of optical Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill states, which are essential resources for bosonic error correction, yet had previously been realized only probabilistically. Furthermore, we simulate complex many-body quantum dynamics, exemplified by the Bose-Hubbard model. Such quantum simulation tasks have long been considered beyond the reach of photonic hardware limited to linear operations. These capabilities, enabled by our extensible architecture, establish a viable route towards photonic quantum simulation and fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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