Continuum Robot Localization using Distributed Time-of-Flight Sensors

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07209v1
• Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2026 21:42:37 GMT
• Title: Continuum Robot Localization using Distributed Time-of-Flight Sensors
• Abstract summary: We present a technique for continuum robots that relies on small, low-resolution ToF sensors distributed along the length of the robot.<n>We achieve an average localization error of 2.5cm in position and 7.2 in rotation across all experimental conditions with a 53cm long robot.
• Score: 14.753889983176194
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Localization and mapping of an environment are crucial tasks for any robot operating in unstructured environments. Time-of-flight (ToF) sensors (e.g.,~lidar) have proven useful in mobile robotics, where high-resolution sensors can be used for simultaneous localization and mapping. In soft and continuum robotics, however, these high-resolution sensors are too large for practical use. This, combined with the deformable nature of such robots, has resulted in continuum robot (CR) localization and mapping in unstructured environments being a largely untouched area. In this work, we present a localization technique for CRs that relies on small, low-resolution ToF sensors distributed along the length of the robot. By fusing measurement information with a robot shape prior, we show that accurate localization is possible despite each sensor experiencing frequent degenerate scenarios. We achieve an average localization error of 2.5cm in position and 7.2° in rotation across all experimental conditions with a 53cm long robot. We demonstrate that the results are repeated across multiple environments, in both simulation and real-world experiments, and study robustness in the estimation to deviations in the prior map.

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