Rethinking Representativeness and Diversity in Dynamic Data Selection

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04981v1
• Date: Thu, 05 Mar 2026 09:21:58 GMT
• Title: Rethinking Representativeness and Diversity in Dynamic Data Selection
• Authors: Yuzhe Zhou, Zhenglin Hua, Haiyun Guo, Yuheng Jia,
• Abstract summary: Dynamic data selection accelerates training by sampling a changing subset of the dataset while preserving accuracy.<n>We rethink two core notions underlying sample evaluation: representativeness and diversity.<n>Our method matches or exceeds full-data accuracy with over 2x training acceleration.
• Score: 32.400383488290906
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Dynamic data selection accelerates training by sampling a changing subset of the dataset while preserving accuracy. We rethink two core notions underlying sample evaluation: representativeness and diversity. Instead of local geometric centrality, we define representativeness as coverage of dataset-level common or high-frequency feature factors. Instead of within-subset dispersion, we define diversity at the process level, requiring the selection trajectory to gradually include complementary rare factors over training. Based on this view, we propose a dynamic selection framework with three components. First, we score representativeness in a plug-in feature space to prioritize samples covering frequent factors. We instantiate this with a sparse autoencoder trained on the target dataset, using sparse unit activations to summarize both individual samples and dataset-wide factor statistics. Second, we realize process-level diversity by combining rare-factor sampling with a Usage-Frequency Penalty that promotes sample rotation, provably discourages monopoly, and reduces gradient bias. Third, we couple the two-dimensional scoring with a smooth scheduler that transitions selection from core-pattern consolidation to rare-factor exploration, without extra gradients, influence estimates, or second-order computations on the training model. Extensive experiments on five benchmarks across vision and text tasks demonstrate improved accuracy-efficiency trade-offs across models. Our method matches or exceeds full-data accuracy with over 2x training acceleration. Code will be released.

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