Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.08857v1
• Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2026 19:18:56 GMT
• Title: Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer
• Abstract summary: We present an interferometric scheme for detecting unknown small birefringence beyond the shot-noise limit of sensitivity.<n>Specifically, two pairs of crossed-polarization nonlinear media, both generate and measure two-mode quantum light that is squeezed and polarization-entangled.<n>We present a complete theoretical analysis of the interferometer's sensitivity to small birefringence under realistic conditions of gain and internal loss.
• Score: 2.142732479736229
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum interferometric sensing plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including quantum metrology, quantum imaging, and quantum lithography, where minute phase shifts carry valuable physical information. The strength of quantum sensing lies in surpassing classical sensitivity limits, particularly through the use of quantum entanglement and squeezing to suppress optical shot noise. Birefringence sensing is crucial for various applications, as it provides detailed information about the material's structure, stress, composition, and environmental conditions. We present an interferometric scheme for detecting unknown small birefringence beyond the shot-noise limit of sensitivity that leverages the hyper-entanglement within a pair of polarized nonlinear SU(1,1) interferometers, coupled by the birefringence. Specifically, two pairs of crossed-polarization nonlinear media, both generate and measure two-mode quantum light that is squeezed and polarization-entangled. We present a complete theoretical analysis of the interferometer's sensitivity to small birefringence under realistic conditions of gain and internal loss, illuminating the potential for enhancement of the sensitivity by 3-15dB in practical, real-world experiments (the exact achievable enhancement is governed solely by the loss).

Related papers

• Photon-mediated interactions and dynamics of coherently driven quantum emitters in complex photonic environments [41.94295877935867]
  Born-Markov master equations have been extensively employed in the description of quantum optical phenomena.<n>We benchmark this modeling approach for the quantum dynamics of the emitter pair against exact calculations based on a macroscopic field quantization formalism.<n>Our analysis reveals four distinct regimes of laser driving and frequency splitting that lead to markedly different levels of accuracy in the effective model.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-08-01T09:38:07Z)
• Ultrasensitive Transverse Deflection Measurement with Two-photon Interference [8.406719933893529]
  Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is intrinsic quantum phenomena that goes beyond the possibilities of classical physics.<n>We present an experimental demonstration of a spatial HOM interferometry for measuring the transverse deflection of an optical beam.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-04-06T07:52:43Z)
• Cavity-Quantum Electrodynamics with Moiré Flatband Photonic Crystals [35.119260614523256]
  A quantum dot can be tuned by a factor of 40, ranging from 42 ps to 1692 ps, which is attributed to strong Purcell enhancement and Purcell inhibition effects.<n>Our findings pave the way for moir'e flatband cavity-enhanced quantum light sources, quantum optical switches, and quantum nodes for quantum internet applications.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-11-25T18:52:11Z)
• Phase sensitivity for an SU(1,1) interferometer via multiphoton subtraction at the output port [7.200889618563686]
  Internal photon losses within the SU(1,1) interferometer have a more significant impact on the phase sensitivity compared to external photon losses. Even under conditions of severe photon loss, the multiphoton subtraction operations can enable the phase sensitivity to surpass the standard quantum limit.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-10-23T07:08:47Z)
• In-situ-tunable spin-spin interactions in a Penning trap with in-bore optomechanics [41.94295877935867]
  We present an optomechanical system for in-situ tuning of the coherent spin-motion and spin-spin interaction strength. We characterize the system using measurements of the induced mean-field spin precession. These experiments show approximately a $times2$ variation in the ratio of the coherent to incoherent interaction strength.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-31T11:00:39Z)
• Strong coupling between a single-photon and a two-photon Fock state [44.00303450801203]
  We report an experimental observation of the strong coupling between a single-photon and a two-photon Fock state in an ultrastrongly-coupled circuit-QED system.<n>Results represent a key step towards a new regime of quantum nonlinear optics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-05T10:23:14Z)
• All-optical modulation with single-photons using electron avalanche [66.27103948750306]
  We demonstrate all-optical modulation enabled by electron avalanche process in silicon.<n>Our approach opens the possibility of gigahertz-speed, and potentially even faster, optical switching at the single-photon level.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-18T20:14:15Z)
• Limits for coherent optical control of quantum emitters in layered materials [49.596352607801784]
  coherent control of a two-level system is among the most essential challenges in modern quantum optics. We use a mechanically isolated quantum emitter in hexagonal boron nitride to explore the individual mechanisms which affect the coherence of an optical transition under resonant drive. New insights on the underlying physical decoherence mechanisms reveals a limit in temperature until which coherent driving of the system is possible.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-18T10:37:06Z)
• Estimation with ultimate quantum precision of the transverse displacement between two photons via two-photon interference sampling measurements [0.0]
  We present a quantum sensing scheme achieving the ultimate quantum sensitivity in the estimation of the transverse displacement between two photons interfering at a balanced beam splitter. This scheme can possibly lead to enhanced high-precision nanoscopic techniques, such as super-resolved single-molecule localization microscopy with quantum dots.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-09-13T11:18:00Z)
• Simultaneous quantum estimation of phase and indistinguishability in a two photon interferometer [0.0]
  We derive the quantum Fisher information matrix associated to the simultaneous estimation of an interferometric phase. We perform an experiment based on a pair of photons with an unknown degree of indistinguishability entering a two-port interferometer.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-03-27T18:56:03Z)
• Quantifying n-photon indistinguishability with a cyclic integrated interferometer [40.24757332810004]
  We report on a universal method to measure the genuine indistinguishability of n-photons. Our approach relies on a low-depth cyclic multiport interferometer with N = 2n modes. We experimentally demonstrate this technique for a 8-mode integrated interferometer fabricated using femtosecond laser micromachining.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-01-31T16:30:52Z)
• Spectrally multimode integrated SU(1,1) interferometer [50.591267188664666]
  The presented interferometer includes a polarization converter between two photon sources and utilizes a continuous-wave (CW) pump. We show that this configuration results in almost perfect destructive interference at the output and supersensitivity regions below the classical limit.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-12-07T14:42:54Z)
• Quantum interferometer combining squeezing and parametric amplification [1.099380072835174]
  The sensitivity improvement of $4.86pm 0.24$ dB beyond the standard quantum limit is deterministically realized. This interferometric system has significantly potential applications in a variety of measurements for tiny variances of physical quantities.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-05-05T01:52:42Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.