Anticipatory Planning for Multimodal AI Agents

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16777v1
• Date: Tue, 17 Mar 2026 16:55:11 GMT
• Title: Anticipatory Planning for Multimodal AI Agents
• Abstract summary: We introduce TraceR1, a two-stage reinforcement learning framework that explicitly trains anticipatory reasoning.<n>TraceR1 is evaluated across seven benchmarks, covering online computer-use, offline computer-use benchmarks, and multimodal tool-use reasoning tasks.<n>Results show that anticipatory trajectory reasoning is a key principle for building multimodal agents that can reason, plan, and act effectively in complex real-world environments.
• Score: 77.62643381558613
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Recent advances in multimodal agents have improved computer-use interaction and tool-usage, yet most existing systems remain reactive, optimizing actions in isolation without reasoning about future states or long-term goals. This limits planning coherence and prevents agents from reliably solving high-level, multi-step tasks. We introduce TraceR1, a two-stage reinforcement learning framework that explicitly trains anticipatory reasoning by forecasting short-horizon trajectories before execution. The first stage performs trajectory-level reinforcement learning with rewards that enforce global consistency across predicted action sequences. The second stage applies grounded reinforcement fine-tuning, using execution feedback from frozen tool agents to refine step-level accuracy and executability. TraceR1 is evaluated across seven benchmarks, covering online computer-use, offline computer-use benchmarks, and multimodal tool-use reasoning tasks, where it achieves substantial improvements in planning stability, execution robustness, and generalization over reactive and single-stage baselines. These results show that anticipatory trajectory reasoning is a key principle for building multimodal agents that can reason, plan, and act effectively in complex real-world environments.

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