A single programmable photonic circuit for universal quantum measurements

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20085v1
• Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2026 16:07:13 GMT
• Title: A single programmable photonic circuit for universal quantum measurements
• Abstract summary: We demonstrate a programmable measurement processor that overcomes the limitation by enabling arbitrary quantum measurements.<n>We benchmark the processor by performing measurement tomography on 100 randomly selected measurements, achieving an average fidelity of 97.7%.<n>The processor's performance exceeds the theoretical limits of projective measurements in three key quantum information tasks.
• Score: 1.1665825608571536
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Programmable photonic quantum processors face a critical challenge: despite significant advances in quantum state preparation and manipulation, measurements remain limited to projective techniques. Here, we demonstrate a programmable measurement processor that overcomes this limitation by enabling arbitrary quantum measurements within a scalable circuit framework. Our large-scale integrated photonic architecture achieves precise coherent control of ancillary quantum systems, realizing a universal four-dimensional quantum measurement device. We benchmark the processor by performing measurement tomography on 100 randomly selected measurements, achieving an average fidelity of 97.7%. The processor's performance exceeds the theoretical limits of projective measurements in three key quantum information tasks: state discrimination (with 23 times lower error), state estimation (with 10.6% higher fidelity), and randomness generation (with 37% more randomness yield), demonstrating its high operational quality. This work establishes a fully programmable quantum measurement processor, advancing the development of universal quantum operations for photonic quantum information processing by providing the key missing component.

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