Heisenberg-scaling characterization of an arbitrary two-channel network via two-port homodyne detection

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20139v1
• Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2026 17:11:03 GMT
• Title: Heisenberg-scaling characterization of an arbitrary two-channel network via two-port homodyne detection
• Abstract summary: We present a fully Gaussian and experimentally feasible scheme for the simultaneous estimation of the four real parameters.<n>The scheme achieves the Heisenberg-scaling sensitivity for all four parameters simultaneously.<n>The scheme has direct relevance to calibration and sensing in integrated photonics and distributed quantum-enhanced measurement architectures.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We present a fully Gaussian and experimentally feasible scheme for the simultaneous estimation of the four real parameters that characterize an arbitrary two-channel unitary transformation. The scheme utilizes a two-mode squeezed probe and balanced homodyne detection at both output ports, for which we derive the complete classical Fisher-information matrix analytically. Our scheme achieves the Heisenberg-scaling sensitivity for all four parameters simultaneously, enabling full multiparameter characterization of the generic two-channel interferometric device. We further show, by maximum-likelihood estimation, that the corresponding multiparameter Cramér-Rao bounds are saturated with a modest number of experimental repetitions and for low photon numbers. The scheme establishes a practical route to Heisenberg-scaling multiparameter Gaussian metrology for arbitrary two-channel networks, with direct relevance to calibration and sensing in integrated photonics and distributed quantum-enhanced measurement architectures.

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