Approximate Error Correction for Quantum Simulations of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theories

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.26819v1
• Date: Thu, 26 Mar 2026 21:43:47 GMT
• Title: Approximate Error Correction for Quantum Simulations of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theories
• Abstract summary: We present a protocol for actively suppressing Gauss law violations in quantum simulations of SU(2) lattice gauge theory.<n>We show that the protocol restores gauge invariance and improves fidelity at noise rates representative of current superconducting hardware.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We present a protocol for actively suppressing Gauss law violations in quantum simulations of SU(2) lattice gauge theory. The protocol uses mid-circuit measurements to extract a characterization of the gauge-violation sector at each lattice vertex, resolving both the total angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers of the violation via a group quantum Fourier transform. Syndrome-conditional recovery operations map the state back to the gauge-invariant subspace through an iterative sweep over vertices, a procedure we call gauge cooling. We show that while the Knill-Laflamme conditions are not generically satisfied at vertices with nontrivial singlet multiplicity, every single-qubit error is detected by the gauge syndrome. We demonstrate gauge cooling on a single-plaquette simulation of the Kogut-Susskind Hamiltonian truncated to the spin-$1/2$ representation under depolarizing and amplitude damping noise, showing that the protocol restores gauge invariance and improves fidelity at noise rates representative of current superconducting hardware.

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