Enhancing Box and Block Test with Computer Vision for Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Motor Evaluation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29101v1
• Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:39:48 GMT
• Title: Enhancing Box and Block Test with Computer Vision for Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Motor Evaluation
• Abstract summary: We present a computer vision-based framework for analysis of upper-extremity movement during the Box and Block Test (BBT)<n>We apply this framework to a dataset of 136 BBT recordings collected from 48 healthy individuals and 7 individuals post stroke.<n>Results show that world-aligned joint angles can capture meaningful information of upper-extremity functions beyond standard time-based BBT scores.
• Score: 42.55977019034106
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Standard clinical assessments of upper-extremity motor function after stroke either rely on ordinal scoring, which lacks sensitivity, or time-based task metrics, which do not capture movement quality. In this work, we present a computer vision-based framework for analysis of upper-extremity movement during the Box and Block Test (BBT) through world-aligned joint angles of fingers, arm, and trunk without depth sensors or calibration objects. We apply this framework to a dataset of 136 BBT recordings collected from 48 healthy individuals and 7 individuals post stroke. Using unsupervised dimensionality reduction of joint-angle features, we analyze movement patterns without relying on expert clinical labels. The resulting embeddings show separation between healthy movement patterns and stroke-related movement deviations. Importantly, some patients with the same BBT scores can be separated with different postural patterns. These results show that world-aligned joint angles can capture meaningful information of upper-extremity functions beyond standard time-based BBT scores, with no effort from the clinician other than monocular video recordings of the patient using a phone or camera. This work highlights the potential of a camera-based, calibration-free framework to measure movement quality in clinical assessments without changing the widely adopted clinical routine.

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