On the Entanglement Entropy Distribution of a Hybrid Quantum Circuit

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29323v1
• Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2026 06:45:38 GMT
• Title: On the Entanglement Entropy Distribution of a Hybrid Quantum Circuit
• Abstract summary: We investigate the distribution of entanglement entropy in hybrid quantum circuits consisting of random unitary gates and local measurements applied at a finite rate.<n>We demonstrate that higher moments of the entanglement entropy distribution, such as a ratio between the variance and the mean and skewness, capture nontrivial features of the measurement-induced dynamics.
• Score: 3.584852326415375
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We investigate the distribution of entanglement entropy in hybrid quantum circuits consisting of random unitary gates and local measurements applied at a finite rate. We demonstrate that higher moments of the entanglement entropy distribution, such as a ratio between the variance and the mean and skewness, capture nontrivial features of the measurement-induced dynamics that are invisible to the mean entropy alone. We demonstrate that these quantities exhibit distinct and robust behaviors across the volume-law and area-law phases, and can serve as effective diagnostics of measurement-induced entanglement transitions. We propose a phenomenological model describing the effect of measurements in the area-law regime, which, when combined with the directed polymer in a random environment description of the volume-law phase, well matches numerical simulations across the entire phase diagram.

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