Single Plane Spatial Mode Sorter

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14119v1
• Date: Wed, 15 Apr 2026 17:41:44 GMT
• Title: Single Plane Spatial Mode Sorter
• Abstract summary: We present an analytic derivation and experimental validation of a single plane device for sorting spatial modes.<n>This sorter is required for a wide range of applications that employ classical or quantum light.
• Score: 1.2949520455740091
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: A mode sorter separates a set of M orthogonal spatial modes in a shared input channel into M different output channels. Here we present an analytic derivation and experimental validation of a single plane device for sorting spatial modes from a diverse variety of mode families, including Hermite-Gaussian (HG), Laguerre-Gaussian (LG), Bessel-Gaussian (BG), with almost no cross-talk. This sorting capability is required for a wide range of applications that employ classical or quantum light. We also show that applying this design in order to sort a set of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes with zero radial index reproduces the well-known Fork grating configuration. Furthermore, by taking the limit of M -> inf, we present an analytical expression for sorting all the modes of a given family. By operating this device in reverse, it can be used to generate arbitrary modes, by illuminating it with a Gaussian beam. The power transmission coefficient for this sorter goes as 1/M and we provide a mathematical proof that this is optimal for any typical arrangement of the detector positions. We further study the sorter sensitivity to wavelength and random phase noise.

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