Personalized and Context-Aware Transformer Models for Predicting Post-Intervention Physiological Responses from Wearable Sensor Data

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14738v1
• Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2026 07:52:00 GMT
• Title: Personalized and Context-Aware Transformer Models for Predicting Post-Intervention Physiological Responses from Wearable Sensor Data
• Abstract summary: We present a framework that predicts post-intervention trajectories and the direction of change for physiological indicators across time windows.<n>This proof of concept shows that personalized post-intervention prediction is feasible.<n>We encourage future integration into stress-management tools for personalized intervention recommendations tailored to each person's day.
• Score: 13.783618439759842
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Consumer wearables enable continuous measurement of physiological data related to stress and recovery, but turning these streams into actionable, personalized stress-management recommendations remains a challenge. In practice, users often do not know how a given intervention, defined as an activity intended to reduce stress, will affect heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), or inter-beat intervals (BBI) over the next 15 to 120 minutes. We present a framework that predicts post-intervention trajectories and the direction of change for these physiological indicators across time windows. Our methodology combines a Transformer model for multi-horizon trajectories of percent change relative to a pre-intervention baseline, direction-of-change calls (positive, negative, or neutral) at each horizon, and an empirical study using wearable sensor data overlaid with user-tagged events and interventions. This proof of concept shows that personalized post-intervention prediction is feasible. We encourage future integration into stress-management tools for personalized intervention recommendations tailored to each person's day following further validation in larger studies and, where applicable, appropriate regulatory review.

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