Entropy Signatures of Collective Modes and Vortex Dynamics in Rotating Two--Dimensional Bose--Einstein Condensates

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.24557v1
• Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 14:46:53 GMT
• Title: Entropy Signatures of Collective Modes and Vortex Dynamics in Rotating Two--Dimensional Bose--Einstein Condensates
• Abstract summary: We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of a two-dimensional rotating Bose gas confined in a symmetric anharmonic trap.<n>We study states ranging from vortex-free configurations to multicharged (giant) vortices.<n>We find that chaotic splitting is accompanied by a pronounced growth of information-theoretic indicators.
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• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of a two-dimensional rotating Bose gas confined in a symmetric anharmonic trap, employing the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for bosons (MCTDHB). We study states ranging from vortex-free configurations to multicharged (giant) vortices, prepared by tuning the rotation frequency, and analyze their response to sudden interaction and trap quenches. In vortex-free states, interaction quenches induce regular breathing--like dynamics, whereas in the presence of giant vortices they lead to symmetry-breaking surface excitations. In contrast, trap deformations that excite quadrupole-like modes produce stable oscillations in vortex-free condensates but trigger rapid, irregular, and effectively chaotic splitting dynamics in multicharged vortices. To characterize these processes beyond conventional density and phase observables, we employ information-theoretic measures, including marginal and joint entropies, mutual information, and Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, supplemented by an angular-resolved KL measure that captures symmetry breaking and azimuthal localization. We find that chaotic splitting is accompanied by a pronounced growth of information-theoretic indicators, signaling the buildup of many-body correlations and increasing complexity in the system dynamics. Our results demonstrate the extreme sensitivity of giant vortices to excitation protocols and establish information-theoretic measures as a powerful framework to quantify correlations and complexity in rotating quantum gases.

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