Large Language Models for Multilingual Code Intelligence: A Survey
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25960v1
- Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 20:20:26 GMT
- Title: Large Language Models for Multilingual Code Intelligence: A Survey
- Abstract summary: This survey focuses on two key tasks: multilingual code generation from shared natural-language requirements, and multilingual code translation that preserves semantics across languages.<n>It reviews representative methods, benchmarks, and evaluation metrics, and highlights challenges and opportunities for trustworthy cross-language generalization.
- Score: 15.859504186659825
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Large language models have transformed AI-assisted software engineering, but current research remains biased toward high-resource languages such as Python, with weaker performance in languages like Rust and OCaml. Since real-world systems are inherently polyglot, robust multilingual code intelligence is crucial. This survey focuses on two key tasks: multilingual code generation from shared natural-language requirements, and multilingual code translation that preserves semantics across languages. It reviews representative methods, benchmarks, and evaluation metrics, and highlights challenges and opportunities for trustworthy cross-language generalization.
Related papers
- Large Language Models for Code Generation from Multilingual Prompts: A Curated Benchmark and a Study on Code Quality [45.28284966022665]
We study how the language used to describe programming tasks affects the source code generated by GPT-4o mini, DeepSeek, and Claude.<n>We translate and manually curate the original English prompts into Chinese, Hindi, Spanish, and Italian.<n>We evaluate the generated code using multiple dimensions, including functional correctness through test pass rates, structural quality using established code metrics, and issues detected by static analysis tools.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2026-07-16T10:35:25Z) - GlotEval: A Test Suite for Massively Multilingual Evaluation of Large Language Models [24.450836403716547]
GlotEval is a lightweight framework designed for massively multilingual evaluation.<n>It supports seven key tasks (machine translation, text classification, summarization, open-ended generation, reading comprehension, sequence labeling, and intrinsic evaluation) spanning over dozens to hundreds of languages.<n>It enables a precise diagnosis of model strengths and weaknesses in diverse linguistic contexts.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-04-05T12:30:58Z) - mHumanEval -- A Multilingual Benchmark to Evaluate Large Language Models for Code Generation [28.531581489405745]
mHumanEval is an extended benchmark supporting prompts in over 200 natural languages.<n>We provide expert human translations for 15 diverse natural languages (NLs)<n>We conclude by analyzing the multilingual code generation capabilities of state-of-the-art (SOTA) Code LLMs.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-10-19T08:44:26Z) - Soft Language Clustering for Multilingual Model Pre-training [57.18058739931463]
We propose XLM-P, which contextually retrieves prompts as flexible guidance for encoding instances conditionally.
Our XLM-P enables (1) lightweight modeling of language-invariant and language-specific knowledge across languages, and (2) easy integration with other multilingual pre-training methods.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-06-13T08:08:08Z) - Multi-lingual Evaluation of Code Generation Models [82.7357812992118]
We present new benchmarks on evaluation code generation models: MBXP and Multilingual HumanEval, and MathQA-X.
These datasets cover over 10 programming languages.
We are able to assess the performance of code generation models in a multi-lingual fashion.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-10-26T17:17:06Z) - Are Multilingual Models Effective in Code-Switching? [57.78477547424949]
We study the effectiveness of multilingual language models to understand their capability and adaptability to the mixed-language setting.
Our findings suggest that pre-trained multilingual models do not necessarily guarantee high-quality representations on code-switching.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2021-03-24T16:20:02Z) - X-FACTR: Multilingual Factual Knowledge Retrieval from Pretrained
Language Models [103.75890012041366]
Language models (LMs) have proven surprisingly successful at capturing factual knowledge.
However, studies on LMs' factual representation ability have almost invariably been performed on English.
We create a benchmark of cloze-style probes for 23 typologically diverse languages.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2020-10-13T05:29:56Z) - Bridging Linguistic Typology and Multilingual Machine Translation with
Multi-View Language Representations [83.27475281544868]
We use singular vector canonical correlation analysis to study what kind of information is induced from each source.
We observe that our representations embed typology and strengthen correlations with language relationships.
We then take advantage of our multi-view language vector space for multilingual machine translation, where we achieve competitive overall translation accuracy.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2020-04-30T16:25:39Z) - XTREME: A Massively Multilingual Multi-task Benchmark for Evaluating
Cross-lingual Generalization [128.37244072182506]
Cross-lingual TRansfer Evaluation of Multilinguals XTREME is a benchmark for evaluating the cross-lingual generalization capabilities of multilingual representations across 40 languages and 9 tasks.
We demonstrate that while models tested on English reach human performance on many tasks, there is still a sizable gap in the performance of cross-lingually transferred models.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2020-03-24T19:09:37Z)
This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.
This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.