Quantum-enhanced sensing from the interplay of long-range interactions and non-Hermiticity

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.01912v1
• Date: Sun, 03 May 2026 14:47:37 GMT
• Title: Quantum-enhanced sensing from the interplay of long-range interactions and non-Hermiticity
• Abstract summary: Long-range (LR) quantum spin systems offer promising advantages for quantum information processing and sensing.<n>Here, we investigate parameter estimation in a long-range XX spin model coupled to a reservoir.<n>We show that, with suitable tuning of the system parameters, both the time and system-size scaling of the QFI are enhanced in the LR regime.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Long-range (LR) quantum spin systems offer promising advantages for quantum information processing and sensing. Here, we investigate parameter estimation in an long-range XX spin model coupled to a reservoir, which gives rise to an effective long-range RT-symmetric non-Hermitian iXY Hamiltonian. The interactions extend up to a tunable coordination range and decay algebraically with distance, enabling a direct comparison between long-range and short-range (SR) regimes. Focusing on the estimation of the transverse magnetic field and anisotropy parameter, we initialize the system in a fully polarized state and analyze the resulting dynamical quantum Fisher information (QFI). We show that, with suitable tuning of the system parameters, both the time and system-size scaling of the QFI are enhanced in the LR regime relative to their SR counterparts. Moreover, the non-Hermitian LR model can exhibit superior dynamical QFI compared with the corresponding Hermitian model, demonstrating a genuine metrological advantage induced by the interplay of long-range interactions and non-Hermitian effects. In contrast, we establish a no-go result at the critical magnetic field: when the probe is prepared in the lowest-energy eigenstate, the QFI scaling remains identical for the Hermitian and non-Hermitian cases.

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