Phase-Programmable Free Electron Quantum States in Synthetic Momentum Space

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.07445v1
• Date: Wed, 08 Jul 2026 14:14:56 GMT
• Title: Phase-Programmable Free Electron Quantum States in Synthetic Momentum Space
• Abstract summary: Light-electron interactions generate synthetic momentum-space dynamics that can be used to engineer free electron quantum states.<n>We develop coherent control protocols in which the optical phase acts as the controllable hopping phase of a Floquet-Bloch momentum lattice.
• Score: 0.3738410998183616
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Light-electron interactions generate synthetic momentum-space dynamics that can be used to engineer free electron quantum states. Here we develop coherent control protocols in which the optical phase acts as the controllable hopping phase of a Floquet-Bloch momentum lattice. Pontryagin optimization designs phase-only waveforms that prepare selected momentum populations and coherent few-sideband superpositions with programmable relative phases. In a complementary Bragg regime protocol, dynamical phase matching selectively couples neighboring sidebands and enables deterministic sequential state synthesis. Full wave-packet simulations based on the minimal-coupling Hamiltonian identify the tolerance window set by phase noise, detuning, and finite momentum spread. The two protocols expose a speed-selectivity tradeoff between ultrafast multilevel interference control and slower resonant engineering, establishing programmable free electron sidebands as a platform for ultrafast quantum state synthesis.

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