Trajectory-Aware Flow Matching for Topology Optimisation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.14652v1
• Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2026 07:21:02 GMT
• Title: Trajectory-Aware Flow Matching for Topology Optimisation
• Abstract summary: Topology optimisation (TO) often requires repeated finite element analysis and sensitivity-based material updates.<n>Existing models may rely on adversarial training, long reverse-diffusion sampling, or external guidance to maintain structural feasibility and physical consistency.<n>This study develops a flow matching-based topology optimisation framework for conditional topology generation.
• Score: 2.1228310295568136
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Topology optimisation (TO) often requires repeated finite element analysis and sensitivity-based material updates, which can be costly when multiple candidate designs are needed under varying physical and design conditions. Generative TO offers a route to rapid design exploration, but existing models may rely on adversarial training, long reverse-diffusion sampling, or external guidance to maintain structural feasibility and physical consistency. This study develops a flow matching-based topology optimisation (FMTO) framework for conditional topology generation. Linear FMTO is first formulated as an endpoint-based baseline by interpolating between a Gaussian source field and the BESO reference topology. To introduce mechanically meaningful intermediate states, a trajectory-aware FMTO formulation is proposed, where volume-fraction-indexed BESO states are used to construct the probability path and target velocity field. This incorporates physics-guided optimisation history into generative flow learning without adding inference-time optimisation. A path--velocity mismatch analysis explains why moderate trajectory weighting can improve generation stability, whereas excessive guidance may over-constrain the learned transport. Numerical examples show that FMTO generates diverse topology candidates with improved compliance-related performance, volume-fraction satisfaction, topology fidelity, and substantially fewer sampling steps than a diffusion-based baseline. Under limited training data, trajectory-aware FMTO achieves the best overall performance with a moderate trajectory weight. Studies on trajectory-anchor density and three-dimensional topology generation further demonstrate the influence of path design and the applicability of the proposed framework beyond two-dimensional problems.

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