Test-time Adaptation of Pelvic Bone Segmentation Models via Dynamic Reliability-Guided

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.00510v1
• Date: Sat, 01 Aug 2026 08:13:20 GMT
• Title: Test-time Adaptation of Pelvic Bone Segmentation Models via Dynamic Reliability-Guided
• Abstract summary: Reliable pelvic bone segmentation from CT is essential for robot-assisted pelvic trauma surgery.<n>Existing methods show limited effectiveness for PBS.<n>We propose a novel closed-loop dynamic Reliability-Guided framework (ReGA) for PBS.
• Score: 62.10276009853225
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Reliable pelvic bone segmentation (PBS) from CT is essential for robot-assisted pelvic trauma surgery, yet deploying a source-trained model to a new hospital suffers from severe performance degradation due to cross-center domain shifts. While test-time adaptation (TTA) enables online model adaptation without accessing source data, existing methods show limited effectiveness for PBS, facing challenges including boundary degradation, anatomical inconsistency under domain shifts, and voxel-level class imbalance. To address these challenges, we propose a novel closed-loop dynamic Reliability-Guided TTA framework (ReGA) for PBS. Specifically, we introduce a pseudo-label reliability criterion termed Segmentation Inference Consistency Evaluation (SICE), which jointly measures region overlap and boundary deviation via dropout-based ensemble predictions. Based on SICE, a trust-weighted refinement module adaptively updates features to mitigate boundary errors in pseudo-labels. Furthermore, a confidence-weighted region-level contrastive learning strategy is proposed to enforce anatomical consistency. Finally, ReGA follows the teacher-student (TS) scheme to alleviate voxel-level class imbalance. Experiments on three heterogeneous 3D pelvic CT datasets demonstrate that ReGA consistently outperforms state-of-the-art TTA methods, enabling effective adaptation of the source-trained PBS model to unseen clinical domains. The code is available at https://github.com/Ren-ling/ReGA.

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