Dynamic Induction of Lattice Gauge Theories on a Quantum Computer

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.02756v1
• Date: Mon, 03 Aug 2026 18:02:42 GMT
• Title: Dynamic Induction of Lattice Gauge Theories on a Quantum Computer
• Abstract summary: Gauss's law is used to generate the gauge theory itself from a Hamiltonian.<n>We implement this approach using 101 qubits on a 156-qubit IBM quantum processor.
• Score: 0.37716268179118945
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Gauge invariance is central to modern physics and underpins quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). Existing quantum simulation approaches employ Gauss's law either to energetically suppress gauge-violating processes in analog platforms or to detect and discard gauge-violating outcomes in digital devices. Here we introduce a third paradigm, in which Gauss's law is used to dynamically generate the gauge theory itself from a substantially simpler Hamiltonian. Starting from a readily programmable three-body XXX model, we employ experimentally efficient single-qubit U(1) gauge symmetry-generator terms that induce the dynamics of a U(1) LGT. We implement this approach using 101 qubits on a 156-qubit IBM quantum processor and observe real-time dynamics in quantitative agreement with the target LGT while reducing the entangling-gate depth per Trotter step by a factor of five compared with a direct implementation. Our results establish gauge protection as a resource for Hamiltonian engineering rather than merely symmetry preservation, opening a scalable resource-efficient route towards digital quantum simulations of increasingly complex gauge theories in higher spatial dimensions.

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