Quantum Computers will constrain the Equation of State of Neutron Stars

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06515v1
• Date: Thu, 06 Aug 2026 18:55:05 GMT
• Title: Quantum Computers will constrain the Equation of State of Neutron Stars
• Abstract summary: We set basic goals for a future quantum computer to predict the Equation of State (EoS) of Nuclear Matter at high densities.<n>We then develop the basic theory to address the canonical Hamiltonian in Weyl (time-axial) gauge expressed in normal modes.<n>We deploy our particle-quantum register encoding of a generic field theory to demonstrate QCD at finite chemical potential for a few (three-four) particles with a modest number of momentum modes.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The Equation of State (EoS) of Nuclear Matter at high densities, and particularly that of neutron stars, resists $\mathit{ab}$ $\mathit{initio}$ Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) computations due to the notorious sign problem of Lattice Gauge Theory at finite chemical potential. A quantum computer deploying QCD in canonical quantization should be able to make substantial progress. We set some basic goals for a future quantum computer to predict the EoS, and thus the basic static observables of the star (mass, radius and Tidal deformability, for example). We then develop the basic theory to address the canonical Hamiltonian in Weyl (time-axial) gauge expressed in normal modes, together with the squared Gauss operator $\mathcal{G}^2$ necessary to execute energy minimization algorithms restricted to the physical Fock subspace. Finally, we deploy our particle-quantum register encoding of a generic field theory to demonstrate QCD at finite chemical potential for a few (three-four) particles with a modest number of momentum modes, by simulating the quantum computer on a classical cluster. This opens the possibility for effective quantum computers to constrain the microscopic physics of neutron stars simultaneously to the operation of third--generation gravitational wave detectors such as the Einstein Telescope, providing more detailed predictions than has been possible until now.

Related papers

• The phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics in one dimension on a quantum computer [2.256501509422144]
  We experimentally simulate the thermal states of SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories at finite densities on a trapped-ion quantum computer.<n>This work marks the first lattice gauge theory quantum simulation of QCD at finite density and temperature for two and three colors.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-12-31T18:11:29Z)
• A Theory of Quantum Jumps [44.99833362998488]
  We study fluorescence and the phenomenon of quantum jumps'' in idealized models of atoms coupled to the quantized electromagnetic field. Our results amount to a derivation of the fundamental randomness in the quantum-mechanical description of microscopic systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-04-16T11:00:46Z)
• More quantum chemistry with fewer qubits [0.9903198600681908]
  We propose a quantum algorithm that improves on the representation of the physical problem by virtue of second-order perturbation theory. In particular, our quantum algorithm evaluates the second-order energy correction through a series of time-evolution steps under the unperturbed Hamiltonian. Our perturbation theory quantum algorithm can also be applied to symmetry-adapted perturbation theory.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-08-31T17:21:17Z)
• Quantum data learning for quantum simulations in high-energy physics [55.41644538483948]
  We explore the applicability of quantum-data learning to practical problems in high-energy physics. We make use of ansatz based on quantum convolutional neural networks and numerically show that it is capable of recognizing quantum phases of ground states. The observation of non-trivial learning properties demonstrated in these benchmarks will motivate further exploration of the quantum-data learning architecture in high-energy physics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-06-29T18:00:01Z)
• Toward nuclear physics from lattice QCD on quantum computers [0.0]
  We discuss the computational complexities of classical and quantum simulations of lattice QCD. It is shown that the quantum simulation scales better as a function of a nucleon number and thus will outperform for large nuclei.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-11-26T12:09:40Z)
• Theory of Quantum Generative Learning Models with Maximum Mean Discrepancy [67.02951777522547]
  We study learnability of quantum circuit Born machines (QCBMs) and quantum generative adversarial networks (QGANs) We first analyze the generalization ability of QCBMs and identify their superiorities when the quantum devices can directly access the target distribution. Next, we prove how the generalization error bound of QGANs depends on the employed Ansatz, the number of qudits, and input states.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-05-10T08:05:59Z)
• Experimental observation of thermalization with noncommuting charges [53.122045119395594]
  Noncommuting charges have emerged as a subfield at the intersection of quantum thermodynamics and quantum information. We simulate a Heisenberg evolution using laser-induced entangling interactions and collective spin rotations. We find that small subsystems equilibrate to near a recently predicted non-Abelian thermal state.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-02-09T19:00:00Z)
• Computing molecular excited states on a D-Wave quantum annealer [52.5289706853773]
  We demonstrate the use of a D-Wave quantum annealer for the calculation of excited electronic states of molecular systems. These simulations play an important role in a number of areas, such as photovoltaics, semiconductor technology and nanoscience.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-07-01T01:02:17Z)
• Quantum Computing for Inflationary, Dark Energy and Dark Matter Cosmology [1.1706540832106251]
  Quantum computing is an emerging new method of computing which excels in simulating quantum systems. We show how to apply the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) and Evolution of Hamiltonian (EOH) algorithms to solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We find excellent agreement with classical computing results and describe the accuracy of the different quantum algorithms.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-28T14:04:11Z)
• Towards understanding the power of quantum kernels in the NISQ era [79.8341515283403]
  We show that the advantage of quantum kernels is vanished for large size datasets, few number of measurements, and large system noise. Our work provides theoretical guidance of exploring advanced quantum kernels to attain quantum advantages on NISQ devices.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-31T02:41:36Z)
• The Hintons in your Neural Network: a Quantum Field Theory View of Deep Learning [84.33745072274942]
  We show how to represent linear and non-linear layers as unitary quantum gates, and interpret the fundamental excitations of the quantum model as particles. On top of opening a new perspective and techniques for studying neural networks, the quantum formulation is well suited for optical quantum computing.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-08T17:24:29Z)
• SU(2) hadrons on a quantum computer [0.0]
  We realize a non-Abelian gauge theory with both gauge and matter fields on a quantum computer. This enables the observation of hadrons and the calculation of their associated masses.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-02-17T18:23:34Z)
• Quantum simulation of open quantum systems in heavy-ion collisions [0.0]
  We present a framework to simulate the dynamics of hard probes such as heavy quarks or jets in a hot, strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) on a quantum computer. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of simulating open quantum systems on current and near-term quantum devices.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-10-07T18:00:02Z)
• Probing the Universality of Topological Defect Formation in a Quantum Annealer: Kibble-Zurek Mechanism and Beyond [46.39654665163597]
  We report on experimental tests of topological defect formation via the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model. We find that the quantum simulator results can indeed be explained by the KZM for open-system quantum dynamics with phase-flip errors. This implies that the theoretical predictions of the generalized KZM theory, which assumes isolation from the environment, applies beyond its original scope to an open system.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-01-31T02:55:35Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.