Related papers: Millisecond optical coherence and strong collective coupling in an integrated telecom rare-earth photonic platform

Millisecond optical coherence and strong collective coupling in an integrated telecom rare-earth photonic platform

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08221v1
Date: Sat, 08 Aug 2026 16:36:37 GMT
Title: Millisecond optical coherence and strong collective coupling in an integrated telecom rare-earth photonic platform
Abstract summary: Long-range quantum network nodes require the combination of strong light-matter coupling, long coherence times and in situ spectral control at telecom wavelengths.<n>Here we bring an optimised crystal onto a photonic chip, by bonding an Er$3+$:CaWO$_4$ host without an adhesive interlayer to a high-$Q$ electro-optically tuneable thin-film lithium niobate microring resonator.<n>At an effective temperature of $75$ mK and a field of only $0.2$ T, the bonded ensemble retains an effective homogeneous linewidth of
Score: 0.3131740922192114
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract: Long-range quantum network nodes require the combination of strong light-matter coupling, long coherence times and in situ spectral control at telecom wavelengths. The coherence of erbium in integrated devices is held back by its hosts, which do not simultaneously provide the weakly magnetic nuclear-spin environment and the well-defined substitutional sites found in coherence-optimised bulk crystals. Here we bring such an optimised crystal onto a photonic chip, by bonding an Er${^{3+}}$:CaWO${_{4}}$ host without an adhesive interlayer to a high-${Q}$ electro-optically tuneable thin-film lithium niobate microring resonator. At an effective temperature of ${75}$ mK and a field of only ${0.2}$ T, the bonded ensemble retains an effective homogeneous linewidth of ${289\pm34}$ Hz (${T_\text{M}=1.10\pm0.13}$ ms), with spectral diffusion proceeding at ${86\pm18}$ Hz and saturating at ${1.5\pm0.2}$ kHz. Electro-optically tuning the resonator through the erbium optical transition resolves an avoided crossing with a collective cooperativity of ${C=6.7\pm0.4}$. Exploiting superhyperfine coupling to the host's ${^{183}}$W nuclear spins, we store and retrieve optical phase information over ${5}$ s with a visibility of ${0.935\pm0.015}$. Strong collective coupling, millisecond coherence and in situ spectral tuning in a single device thus establish heterogeneous integration leveraging coherence-optimised hosts as a route to scalable telecom quantum networks.

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