GeoAI-based post-segmentation quality validation of building footprints via spatial feature engineering

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.09048v1
• Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2026 02:55:07 GMT
• Title: GeoAI-based post-segmentation quality validation of building footprints via spatial feature engineering
• Abstract summary: Deep learning-based building footprint extraction often produces top inconsistent vectors for direct GIS database ingestion.<n>We present a multidomain GeoAI quality control framework that automates error detection to purify vector footprint databases.<n>This framework successfully identified 87.34% of erroneous footprints while maintaining 98.31% of acceptable structures.
• Score: 1.3277276618043652
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Deep learning-based building footprint extraction from high-resolution imagery often produces topologically inconsistent vectors unfit for direct GIS database ingestion. To address this, we present a multidomain GeoAI quality control framework that automates error detection to systematically purify vector footprint databases. Candidate footprints were generated across five UAV survey sites in Bangladesh using U-Net (ResNet-34) and SAM-LoRA (ViT-B). The extracted raster masks were vectorized, geometrically regularized, and consolidated under a spatial-exclusivity constraint to eliminate duplicate representations. We used twenty-four predictors capturing geometric, spatial-contextual, and raster-derived spectral and texture properties. Machine Learning (ML) classifiers were trained on a development partition (Sites B-D) and rigorously validated on a spatially independent test set (Site E) excluded from hyperparameter tuning and class balancing. The experimental results demonstrate that geometric and spatial-contextual predictors using Decision Tree (DT) provide the most effective discriminatory evidence for identifying object-level boundary deformations. DT achieved an accuracy of 95.31%, an F1-score of 91.06%, and a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.880 on the unseen testing site. At the database level, this framework successfully identified 87.34% of erroneous footprints while maintaining 98.31% of acceptable structures, reducing the residual error proportion from 27.32% to 4.62% and improving final database purity to 95.38%. This translates into a relative error reduction of 83.09%. The findings indicate that post-segmentation object-level ML provides a highly transferable, robust mechanism for automated quality assurance in production-ready geographic information system (GIS) workflows.

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