Distinct Modes of Quantum Information Transfer in Power-Law Long-Range Spin Networks

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19057v1
• Date: Wed, 19 Aug 2026 15:54:46 GMT
• Title: Distinct Modes of Quantum Information Transfer in Power-Law Long-Range Spin Networks
• Abstract summary: We identify different regimes of quantum state transfer in long-range coupled spin-$frac12$ systems.<n>We show how long-range connectivity fundamentally reshapes the mechanisms underlying information propagation within such systems.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We identify different regimes of quantum state transfer in long-range coupled spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ systems, where naturally occurring power-law interactions enable rapid, high-fidelity transfer with minimal engineering. Across a broad range of interaction profiles, from effectively nearest-neighbour coupling to Coulomb interactions, we show how long-range connectivity fundamentally reshapes the mechanisms underlying information propagation within such systems. For effectively short-range interactions, transfer follows familiar ballistic transfer dynamics: an initially localised excitation spreads across many eigenmodes concentrated within the approximately linear region of the spectrum, enabling robust wavepacket motion. In contrast, increasing long-distance interactions via lowering the power-law exponent $α$ ($α=1-2$) drives a striking transformation, where the initial state becomes confined to progressively fewer eigenmodes, ultimately reducing the dynamics to the coherent participation of only a few states corresponding to the highest eigenenergies. This spectral localization gives rise to emergent long-range oscillations between distant sites, revealing a distinct -- and faster -- transfer mechanism arising from the intrinsic structure of long-range quantum interactions rather than from full-system engineering pathways.

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