Fully integrated continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security over 100 km

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29200v1
• Date: Sat, 29 Aug 2026 11:22:23 GMT
• Title: Fully integrated continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security over 100 km
• Abstract summary: Quantum key distribution (QKD) guarantees information-theoretic security by the laws of physics.<n>We report a fully integrated CV-QKD platform in which two hybrid III--V/Si$_3$N$_4$ integrated lasers, a silicon transmitter, and a silicon coherent receiver implement the core terminal functions.<n>A Bayesian machine-learning algorithm maintains robust phase lock throughout the long records required for composable security.
• Score: 9.622323502029738
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum key distribution (QKD) guarantees information-theoretic security by the laws of physics, but deployment at scale requires compact, manufacturable photonic terminals. Continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) is well suited for this transition through telecom-compatible, room-temperature coherent detection. However, unifying full on-chip core terminal integration, room-temperature operation, high loss tolerance, and composable end-to-end security in long-distance QKD remains a key bottleneck. Here we report a fully integrated CV-QKD platform in which two hybrid III--V/Si$_3$N$_4$ integrated lasers, a silicon transmitter, and a silicon coherent receiver implement the core terminal functions, operating with a local local oscillator (LLO) over fibre links of 25--150 km. A Bayesian machine-learning algorithm maintains robust phase lock throughout the long records required for composable security, consistently outperforming the conventional unscented Kalman filter, while rate-matched multidimensional reconciliation approaches the Shannon limit. The system certifies a composable finite-size secret-key rate of 29.3 kbps at 100 km from a 140-billion-symbol block, with 12.9 kbps at 125 km under finite-size analysis and 9.17 kbps at 150 km under asymptotic analysis. By establishing the longest finite-size and asymptotic reaches and the highest secret-key rate per symbol reported for integrated CV-QKD, this work advances the development of practical chip-based quantum networks.

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