GraM-Diff: A Unified Graph-Mamba Diffusion Framework for EEG-Based Alzheimer's Disease Data Generation and Diagnosis

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29755v1
• Date: Sun, 30 Aug 2026 12:37:47 GMT
• Title: GraM-Diff: A Unified Graph-Mamba Diffusion Framework for EEG-Based Alzheimer's Disease Data Generation and Diagnosis
• Abstract summary: We propose GraM-Diff, a unified classifier-guided Graph-Mamba diffusion framework for EEG synthesis.<n>It embeds Graph Convolutional Networks within a diffusion U-Net to model inter-electrode connectivity and Bidirectional Mamba state-space blocks for linear-complexity long-range temporal modeling.<n>Across four EEG-based AD benchmarks, synthetic augmentation improves classification, yields superior Context-FID and correlation scores over strong generative baselines, and enhances robustness in data-scarce settings.
• Score: 7.064709096702816
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising, non-invasive, and cost-effective modality for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection, but deep learning methods are limited by small and imbalanced clinical datasets. Generative augmentation offers a solution, yet existing approaches rely on inefficient class-specific models or fail to capture complex spatial and temporal brain dynamics. To address this, we propose GraM-Diff, a unified classifier-guided Graph-Mamba diffusion framework for EEG synthesis. It embeds Graph Convolutional Networks within a diffusion U-Net to model inter-electrode connectivity and Bidirectional Mamba state-space blocks for linear-complexity long-range temporal modeling. Latent-space classifier guidance lets a single model generate both healthy and pathological EEG within a shared representation, avoiding fragmented per-cohort pipelines. Across four EEG-based AD benchmarks, synthetic augmentation improves classification, yields superior Context-FID and correlation scores over strong generative baselines, and enhances robustness in data-scarce settings.

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