Tripartite entanglement in chaotic eigenstates

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2609.13411v1
• Date: Fri, 11 Sep 2026 18:19:24 GMT
• Title: Tripartite entanglement in chaotic eigenstates
• Abstract summary: classical statistical mechanics emerges from the entanglement structure of quantum chaotic systems.<n>Recent years have shown that many-body states are often characterized by multipartite entanglement.<n>We show that $_AA*(2)$ in a chaotic eigenstate is well-described by this ensemble average.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: It is now well-established that classical statistical mechanics emerges from the entanglement structure of quantum chaotic systems, as quantified by the (subsystem) eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). While this statement rests on the well-studied bipartite entanglement of the eigenstates of such systems, recent years have shown that many-body states are often characterized by multipartite entanglement, raising the question: what are the universal multipartite entanglement features of chaotic eigenstates? We answer this question in part by studying a tripartite generalization of the ergodic bipartition ansatz through the lens of two tripartite entanglement probes, the Rényi tripartite multi-entropy and the Rényi reflected entropy. We derive leading-order analytical expressions for the ensemble averages of both quantities using a saddle-point analysis. Beyond these measures, we obtain the average of the Rényi-2 reflected density matrix, $ρ_{AA^*}^{(2)}$,which controls the Rényi-2 reflected entropy. We show that $ρ_{AA^*}^{(2)}$ in a chaotic eigenstate is well-described by this ensemble average which, unlike an ordinary reduced density matrix, takes three qualitatively distinct forms across subsystem-size regimes, which may be viewed as a tripartite generalization of subsystem ETH. We benchmark our analytical predictions against exact diagonalization of the mixed-field Ising model.

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