Cheating in online gaming spreads through observation and victimization
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11139v2
- Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 14:45:30 GMT
- Title: Cheating in online gaming spreads through observation and victimization
- Authors: Ji Eun Kim and Milena Tsvetkova
- Abstract summary: We study the spread of cheating in more than a million matches of an online multiplayer first-person shooter game.
We find that social contagion is only likely to exist for those who both observe and experience cheating.
- Score: 2.7739004171676904
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Antisocial behavior can be contagious, spreading from individual to
individual and rippling through social networks. Moreover, it can spread not
only through third-party influence from observation, just like innovations or
individual behavior do, but also through direct experience, via
"pay-it-forward" retaliation. Here, we distinguish between the effects of
observation and victimization for the contagion of antisocial behavior by
analyzing large-scale digital-trace data. We study the spread of cheating in
more than a million matches of an online multiplayer first-person shooter game,
in which up to 100 players compete individually or in teams against strangers.
We identify event sequences in which a player who observes or is killed by a
certain number of cheaters starts cheating, and evaluate the extent to which
these sequences would appear if we preserve the team and interaction structure
but assume alternative gameplay scenarios. The results reveal that social
contagion is only likely to exist for those who both observe and experience
cheating, suggesting that third-party influence and "pay-it-forward"
reciprocity interact positively. In addition, the effect is present only for
those who both observe and experience more than once, suggesting that cheating
is more likely to spread after repeated or multi-source exposure. Approaching
online games as models of social systems, we use the findings to discuss
strategies for targeted interventions to stem the spread of cheating and
antisocial behavior more generally in online communities, schools,
organizations, and sports.
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