The hierarchy recurrences in local relaxation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.02458v1
• Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2020 05:03:48 GMT
• Title: The hierarchy recurrences in local relaxation
• Authors: Sheng-Wen Li, C. P. Sun
• Abstract summary: Local relaxation of one $N$ two-level system occurs after a certain time. Similar recurrences appear in a periodical way, and the later recurrence brings in stronger randomness than the previous one. entropy of the whole $N$-body system keeps constant during the unitary evolution.
• Score: 0.14166750876551815
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Inside a closed many-body system undergoing the unitary evolution, a small partition of the whole system exhibits a local relaxation. If the total degrees of freedom of the whole system is a large but finite number, such a local relaxation would come across a recurrence after a certain time, namely, the dynamics of the local system suddenly appear random after a well-ordered oscillatory decay process. It is found in this paper, for a collection of $N$ two-level systems (TLSs), the local relaxation of one TLS within has a hierarchy structure hiding in the randomness after such a recurrence: similar recurrences appear in a periodical way, and the later recurrence brings in stronger randomness than the previous one. Both analytical and numerical results that we obtained well explains such hierarchy recurrences: the population of the local TLS (as an open system) diffuses out and regathers back periodically due the finite-size effect of the bath [the remaining $(N-1)$ TLSs]. We also find that the total correlation entropy, which sums up the entropy of all the $N$ TLSs, approximately exhibit a monotonic increase; in contrast, the entropy of each single TLS increases and decreases from time to time, and the entropy of the whole $N$-body system keeps constant during the unitary evolution.

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