Energy use in quantum data centers: Scaling the impact of computer
architecture, qubit performance, size, and thermal parameters
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.16726v1
- Date: Tue, 30 Mar 2021 23:50:02 GMT
- Title: Energy use in quantum data centers: Scaling the impact of computer
architecture, qubit performance, size, and thermal parameters
- Authors: Michael James Martin, Caroline Hughes, Gilberto Moreno, Eric B. Jones,
David Sickinger, Sreekant Narumanchi, and Ray Grout
- Abstract summary: As quantum computers increase in size, the total energy used by a quantum data center will become a greater concern.
The cooling requirements of quantum computers, which must operate at temperatures near absolute zero, are determined by computing system parameters.
This paper reports the impact of computer architecture and thermal parameters on the overall energy requirements.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: As quantum computers increase in size, the total energy used by a quantum
data center, including the cooling, will become a greater concern. The cooling
requirements of quantum computers, which must operate at temperatures near
absolute zero, are determined by computing system parameters, including the
number and type of physical qubits, the operating temperature, the packaging
efficiency of the system, and the split between circuits operating at cryogenic
temperatures and those operating at room temperature. When combined with
thermal system parameters such as cooling efficiency and cryostat heat
transfer, the total energy use can be determined. Using a first-principles
energy model, this paper reports the impact of computer architecture and
thermal parameters on the overall energy requirements. The results also show
that power use and quantum volume can be analytically correlated. Approaches
are identified for minimizing energy use in integrated quantum systems relative
to computational power. The results show that the energy required for cooling
is significantly larger than that required for computation, a reversal from
energy usage patterns seen in conventional computing. Designing a sustainable
quantum computer will require both efficient cooling and system design that
minimizes cooling requirements.
Related papers
- Quantum Computers, Quantum Computing and Quantum Thermodynamics [0.0]
Quantum thermodynamics aims at extending standard thermodynamics to systems with sizes well below the thermodynamic limit.
A rapidly evolving research field, which promises to change our understanding of the foundations of physics.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-04-15T10:53:13Z) - Current and efficiency of bosonic systems interacting with two thermal reservoirs [0.10713888959520207]
This paper investigates the dynamics of current and efficiency in a bosonic system consisting of a central system interacting with two reservoirs at different temperatures.
We quantify the current, representing the flow of bosons through the system, and analyse its dependence on the system's parameters and temperatures of the thermal reservoirs.
Our analysis show that quantum effects, such as the dependence on temperature and the quantum correction factor, can significantly impact energy transfer efficiency.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-03-18T09:48:25Z) - Efficiency and thermodynamic uncertainty relations of a dynamical
quantum heat engine [0.0]
We show that parameters can be found such that the machine operates both as a quantum engine or refrigerator.
We show that parameters can be found such that the machine operates both as a quantum engine or refrigerator, with both sizeable efficiency and small fluctuations.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-03-28T07:30:34Z) - Efficiency at maximum power of a Carnot quantum information engine [68.8204255655161]
We introduce a finite-time Carnot cycle for a quantum information engine and optimize its power output in the regime of low dissipation.
We investigate the optimal performance of a qubit information engine subjected to weak energy measurements.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-01-31T11:18:12Z) - Model-free optimization of power/efficiency tradeoffs in quantum thermal
machines using reinforcement learning [0.0]
A quantum thermal machine is an open quantum system that enables the conversion between heat and work at the micro or nano-scale.
We introduce a general model-free framework based on Reinforcement Learning to identify out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic cycles.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-04-10T22:44:28Z) - Implementation of a two-stroke quantum heat engine with a collisional
model [50.591267188664666]
We put forth a quantum simulation of a stroboscopic two-stroke thermal engine in the IBMQ processor.
The system consists of a quantum spin chain connected to two baths at their boundaries, prepared at different temperatures using the variational quantum thermalizer algorithm.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-03-25T16:55:08Z) - Collective effects on the performance and stability of quantum heat
engines [62.997667081978825]
Recent predictions for quantum-mechanical enhancements in the operation of small heat engines have raised renewed interest.
One essential question is whether collective effects may help to carry enhancements over larger scales.
We study how power, efficiency and constancy scale with the number of spins composing the engine.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2021-06-25T18:00:07Z) - A scalable helium gas cooling system for trapped-ion applications [51.715517570634994]
A modular cooling system is presented for use with multiple ion-trapping experiments simultaneously.
The cooling system is expected to deliver a net cooling power of 111 W at 70 K to up to four experiments.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2021-06-14T16:37:54Z) - Experimental verification of fluctuation relations with a quantum
computer [68.8204255655161]
We use a quantum processor to experimentally validate a number of theoretical results in non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics.
Our experiments constitute the experimental basis for the understanding of the non-equilibrium energetics of quantum computation.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2021-06-08T14:16:12Z) - Considerations for evaluating thermodynamic properties with hybrid
quantum-classical computing work-flows [0.0]
Quantum chemistry applications on quantum computers currently rely heavily on the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm.
We present a summary of the hybrid quantum-classical work-flow to compute thermodynamic properties.
We show that through careful selection of work-flow options, nearly order-of-magnitude increases in accuracy are possible at equivalent computing time.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2020-03-04T19:32:53Z) - Reservoir engineering with arbitrary temperatures for spin systems and
quantum thermal machine with maximum efficiency [50.591267188664666]
Reservoir engineering is an important tool for quantum information science and quantum thermodynamics.
We employ this technique to engineer reservoirs with arbitrary (effective) negative and positive temperatures for a single spin system.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2020-01-28T00:18:00Z)
This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.
This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.