High-harmonic generation in spin and charge current pumping at ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic resonance in the presence of spin-orbit coupling

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.14685v3
• Date: Thu, 15 Dec 2022 01:48:32 GMT
• Title: High-harmonic generation in spin and charge current pumping at ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic resonance in the presence of spin-orbit coupling
• Authors: Jalil Varela Manjarres, Branislav K. Nikolic
• Abstract summary: A cornerstone effect in spintronics is spin pumping by dynamical magnetization that is steadily precessing with frequency. Here we employ more general than "standard model" approaches, time-dependent nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) and Floquet-NEGF, to predict unforeseen features of spin pumping.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: One of the cornerstone effects in spintronics is spin pumping by dynamical magnetization that is steadily precessing (around, e.g., the $z$-axis) with frequency $\omega_0$, due to absorption of low-power microwaves of frequency $\omega_0$ under the resonance conditions and in the absence of any applied bias voltage. The two-decades-old "standard model" of this effect, based on the scattering theory of adiabatic quantum pumping, predicts that component $I^{S_z}$ of spin current vector $\big( I^{S_x}(t),I^{S_y}(t),I^{S_z} \big) \propto \omega_0$ is time-independent while $I^{S_x}(t)$ and $I^{S_y}(t)$ oscillate harmonically in time with a single frequency $\omega_0$; whereas pumped charge current is zero $I \equiv 0$ in the same adiabatic $\propto \omega_0$ limit. Here we employ more general than "standard model" approaches, time-dependent nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) and Floquet-NEGF, to predict unforeseen features of spin pumping -- precessing localized magnetic moments within ferromagnetic metal (FM) or antiferromagnetic metal (AFM), whose conduction electrons are exposed to spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of either intrinsic or proximity origin, will pump both spin $I^{S_\alpha}(t)$ and charge $I(t)$ currents. All four of these functions harmonically oscillate in time at both even an odd integer multiples $N\omega_0$ of the driving frequency $\omega_0$. The cutoff order of such high-harmonics increases with SOC strength, reaching $N_\mathrm{max} \simeq 11$ in the chosen-for-demonstration one-dimensional FM or AFM models. Higher cutoff $N_\mathrm{max} \simeq 25$ can be achieved in realistic two-dimensional (2D) FM models defined on the honeycomb lattice, where we provide prescription on how to realize them using 2D magnets and their heterostructures.

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