Superradiance and Subradiance in Dense Atomic Gases: An Integrated Method
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.15255v3
- Date: Mon, 9 Sep 2024 20:12:27 GMT
- Title: Superradiance and Subradiance in Dense Atomic Gases: An Integrated Method
- Authors: Hanzhen Ma, Oriol Rubies-Bigorda, Susanne F. Yelin,
- Abstract summary: We introduce an integrated method for studying cooperative radiation in many-body systems.
We apply this method to a homogeneous gas of initially inverted two-level atoms.
We show the appearance of both superradiance and subradiance, and identify a many-body coherence term as the source of these cooperative effects.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: When atoms are coupled to a common electromagnetic environment, the exchange of photons through dipole-dipole interactions leads to the emergence of cooperative effects. As a particular example, superradiance arises from spontaneous emission when this exchange leads to constructive interference of the emitted photons. Here, we introduce an integrated method for studying cooperative radiation in many-body systems. This method, which allows to study extended systems with arbitrarily large number of particles, can be formulated by an effective, nonlinear, two-atom master equation that describes the dynamics using a closed form which treats single- and many-body terms on an equal footing. We apply this method to a homogeneous gas of initially inverted two-level atoms, and demonstrate the appearance of both superradiance and subradiance, identifying a many-body coherence term as the source of these cooperative effects. We describe the many-body induced broadening -- which is analytically found to scale with the optical depth of the system -- and light shifts, and distinguish spontaneous effects from induced ones. In addition, we theoretically predict the time-dependence of subradiance, and the phase change of the radiated field during the cooperative decay.
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