Multimodal Contrastive Learning with LIMoE: the Language-Image Mixture of Experts

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2206.02770v1
• Date: Mon, 6 Jun 2022 17:51:59 GMT
• Title: Multimodal Contrastive Learning with LIMoE: the Language-Image Mixture of Experts
• Authors: Basil Mustafa, Carlos Riquelme, Joan Puigcerver, Rodolphe Jenatton and Neil Houlsby
• Abstract summary: We present the Language-Image MoE, LIMoE, a sparse mixture of experts model capable of multimodal learning. LIMoE accepts both images and text simultaneously, while being trained using a contrastive loss. Across multiple scales, we demonstrate remarkable performance improvement over dense models of equivalent computational cost.
• Score: 26.041404520616073
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Large sparsely-activated models have obtained excellent performance in multiple domains. However, such models are typically trained on a single modality at a time. We present the Language-Image MoE, LIMoE, a sparse mixture of experts model capable of multimodal learning. LIMoE accepts both images and text simultaneously, while being trained using a contrastive loss. MoEs are a natural fit for a multimodal backbone, since expert layers can learn an appropriate partitioning of modalities. However, new challenges arise; in particular, training stability and balanced expert utilization, for which we propose an entropy-based regularization scheme. Across multiple scales, we demonstrate remarkable performance improvement over dense models of equivalent computational cost. LIMoE-L/16 trained comparably to CLIP-L/14 achieves 78.6% zero-shot ImageNet accuracy (vs. 76.2%), and when further scaled to H/14 (with additional data) it achieves 84.1%, comparable to state-of-the-art methods which use larger custom per-modality backbones and pre-training schemes. We analyse the quantitative and qualitative behavior of LIMoE, and demonstrate phenomena such as differing treatment of the modalities and the organic emergence of modality-specific experts.

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