BITS: Bi-level Imitation for Traffic Simulation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.12403v1
• Date: Fri, 26 Aug 2022 02:17:54 GMT
• Title: BITS: Bi-level Imitation for Traffic Simulation
• Authors: Danfei Xu, Yuxiao Chen, Boris Ivanovic, Marco Pavone
• Abstract summary: We take a data-driven approach and propose a method that can learn to generate traffic behaviors from real-world driving logs. We empirically validate our method, named Bi-level Imitation for Traffic Simulation (BITS), with scenarios from two large-scale driving datasets. As part of our core contributions, we develop and open source a software tool that unifies data formats across different driving datasets.
• Score: 38.28736985320897
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Simulation is the key to scaling up validation and verification for robotic systems such as autonomous vehicles. Despite advances in high-fidelity physics and sensor simulation, a critical gap remains in simulating realistic behaviors of road users. This is because, unlike simulating physics and graphics, devising first principle models for human-like behaviors is generally infeasible. In this work, we take a data-driven approach and propose a method that can learn to generate traffic behaviors from real-world driving logs. The method achieves high sample efficiency and behavior diversity by exploiting the bi-level hierarchy of driving behaviors by decoupling the traffic simulation problem into high-level intent inference and low-level driving behavior imitation. The method also incorporates a planning module to obtain stable long-horizon behaviors. We empirically validate our method, named Bi-level Imitation for Traffic Simulation (BITS), with scenarios from two large-scale driving datasets and show that BITS achieves balanced traffic simulation performance in realism, diversity, and long-horizon stability. We also explore ways to evaluate behavior realism and introduce a suite of evaluation metrics for traffic simulation. Finally, as part of our core contributions, we develop and open source a software tool that unifies data formats across different driving datasets and converts scenes from existing datasets into interactive simulation environments. For additional information and videos, see https://sites.google.com/view/nvr-bits2022/home

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