Hunting for quantum-classical crossover in condensed matter problems

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2210.14109v3
• Date: Mon, 26 Feb 2024 05:32:50 GMT
• Title: Hunting for quantum-classical crossover in condensed matter problems
• Authors: Nobuyuki Yoshioka, Tsuyoshi Okubo, Yasunari Suzuki, Yuki Koizumi, Wataru Mizukami
• Abstract summary: We propose a systematic error/runtime analysis on state-of-the-art classical algorithm based on tensor networks. We argue that condensed matter problems offer the earliest platform for demonstration of practical quantum advantage.
• Score: 0.3799859284309834
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The intensive pursuit for quantum advantage in terms of computational complexity has further led to a modernized crucial question: {\it When and how will quantum computers outperform classical computers?} The next milestone is undoubtedly the realization of quantum acceleration in practical problems. Here we provide a clear evidence and arguments that the primary target is likely to be condensed matter physics. Our primary contributions are summarized as follows: 1) Proposal of systematic error/runtime analysis on state-of-the-art classical algorithm based on tensor networks; 2) Dedicated and high-resolution analysis on quantum resource performed at the level of executable logical instructions; 3) Clarification of quantum-classical crosspoint for ground-state simulation to be within runtime of hours using only a few hundreds of thousand physical qubits for 2d Heisenberg and 2d Fermi-Hubbard models, assuming that logical qubits are encoded via the surface code with the physical error rate of $p=10^{-3}$. To our knowledge, we argue that condensed matter problems offer the earliest platform for demonstration of practical quantum advantage that is order-of-magnitude more feasible than ever known candidates, in terms of both qubit counts and total runtime.

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