SupercheQ: Quantum Advantage for Distributed Databases

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.03850v1
• Date: Wed, 7 Dec 2022 18:45:08 GMT
• Title: SupercheQ: Quantum Advantage for Distributed Databases
• Authors: P. Gokhale, E. R. Anschuetz, C. Campbell, F. T. Chong, E. D. Dahl, P. Frederick, E. B. Jones, B. Hall, S. Issa, P. Goiporia, S. Lee, P. Noell, V. Omole, D. Owusu-Antwi, M. A. Perlin, R. Rines, M. Saffman, K. N. Smith, and T. Tomesh
• Abstract summary: We introduce SupercheQ, a family of quantum protocols that achieves advantage over classical protocols for checking the equivalence of files. The first variant, SupercheQ-EE (Efficient ), uses n qubits to verify files with 2O(n) bits -- an exponential advantage in communication complexity. The second variant, SupercheQ-IE (Incremental ), uses n qubits to verify files with O(n2) bits while supporting constant-time incremental updates to the fingerprint.
• Score: 0.5847659909241455
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We introduce SupercheQ, a family of quantum protocols that achieves asymptotic advantage over classical protocols for checking the equivalence of files, a task also known as fingerprinting. The first variant, SupercheQ-EE (Efficient Encoding), uses n qubits to verify files with 2^O(n) bits -- an exponential advantage in communication complexity (i.e. bandwidth, often the limiting factor in networked applications) over the best possible classical protocol in the simultaneous message passing setting. Moreover, SupercheQ-EE can be gracefully scaled down for implementation on circuits with poly(n^l) depth to enable verification for files with O(n^l) bits for arbitrary constant l. The quantum advantage is achieved by random circuit sampling, thereby endowing circuits from recent quantum supremacy and quantum volume experiments with a practical application. We validate SupercheQ-EE's performance at scale through GPU simulation. The second variant, SupercheQ-IE (Incremental Encoding), uses n qubits to verify files with O(n^2) bits while supporting constant-time incremental updates to the fingerprint. Moreover, SupercheQ-IE only requires Clifford gates, ensuring relatively modest overheads for error-corrected implementation. We experimentally demonstrate proof-of-concepts through Qiskit Runtime on IBM quantum hardware. We envision SupercheQ could be deployed in distributed data settings, accompanying replicas of important databases.

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