Improving Metrology with Quantum Scrambling

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.13880v1
• Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2022 20:00:52 GMT
• Title: Improving Metrology with Quantum Scrambling
• Authors: Zeyang Li, Simone Colombo, Chi Shu, Gustavo Velez, Sa\'ul Pilatowsky-Cameo, Roman Schmied, Soonwon Choi, Mikhail Lukin, Edwin Pedrozo-Pe\~nafiel, Vladan Vuleti\'c
• Abstract summary: Quantum scrambling describes the fast spreading of quantum information into many degrees of freedom of a many-body quantum system. We probe the exponential scrambling nature of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) many-body Hamiltonian. Our experiment paves the way to the investigation of quantum chaos and scrambling in controlled tabletop experiments.
• Score: 0.520082039162174
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum scrambling describes the fast spreading of quantum information into many degrees of freedom of a many-body quantum system. This concept embraces many apparently unconnected phenomena such as the thermalization of closed quantum systems, the growth of entanglement, and the black-hole information paradox. The fastest scramblers disperse the information exponentially quickly into the system's degrees of freedom. Out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs) have been invented as a mean to characterize quantum scrambling. To experimentally probe OTOCs, it is necessary to reverse the sign of the many-body Hamiltonian, effectively evolving the system backwards in time, a technique that has also been shown as powerful for entanglement-enhanced metrology. However, despite experimental progress, to date no exponentially fast scrambling of quantum information has been experimentally demonstrated. Here we probe the exponential scrambling nature of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) many-body Hamiltonian. We measure an exponentially growing OTOC; moreover, we elucidate and experimentally validate the close conceptual relation between quantum information scrambling and quantum-enhanced metrology. Our experiment paves the way to the investigation of quantum chaos and scrambling in controlled tabletop experiments. Moreover, we demonstrate that entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology can be performed with general fast-scrambling Hamiltonians capable of generating entanglement exponentially quickly.

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