Ergodicity Breaking Under Confinement in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.07717v3
• Date: Sat, 24 Feb 2024 11:33:55 GMT
• Title: Ergodicity Breaking Under Confinement in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators
• Authors: Jean-Yves Desaules, Guo-Xian Su, Ian P. McCulloch, Bing Yang, Zlatko Papi\'c, Jad C. Halimeh
• Abstract summary: We consider the spin-$1/2$ quantum link formulation of $1+1$D quantum electrodynamics with a topological $theta$-angle. We show an interplay between confinement and the ergodicity-breaking paradigms of quantum many-body scarring and Hilbert-space fragmentation.
• Score: 1.3367376307273382
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The quantum simulation of gauge theories on synthetic quantum matter devices has gained a lot of traction in the last decade, making possible the observation of a range of exotic quantum many-body phenomena. In this work, we consider the spin-$1/2$ quantum link formulation of $1+1$D quantum electrodynamics with a topological $\theta$-angle, which can be used to tune a confinement-deconfinement transition. Exactly mapping this system onto a PXP model with mass and staggered magnetization terms, we show an intriguing interplay between confinement and the ergodicity-breaking paradigms of quantum many-body scarring and Hilbert-space fragmentation. We map out the rich dynamical phase diagram of this model, finding an ergodic phase at small values of the mass $\mu$ and confining potential $\chi$, an emergent integrable phase for large $\mu$, and a fragmented phase for large values of both parameters. We also show that the latter hosts resonances that lead to a vast array of effective models. We propose experimental probes of our findings, which can be directly accessed in current cold-atom setups.

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