Realization of an extremely anisotropic Heisenberg magnet in Rydberg atom arrays

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04342v1
• Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 04:52:52 GMT
• Title: Realization of an extremely anisotropic Heisenberg magnet in Rydberg atom arrays
• Authors: Kangheun Kim, Fan Yang, Klaus M{\o}lmer, Jaewook Ahn
• Abstract summary: We employ a Rydberg quantum simulator to experimentally demonstrate strongly correlated spin transport in anisotropic Heisenberg magnets. In our approach, the motion of magnons is controlled by an induced spin-exchange interaction through Rydberg dressing. As the most prominent signature of a giant anisotropy, we show that nearby Rydberg excitations form distinct types of magnon bound states.
• Score: 4.209816265441194
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Strong mutual interactions correlate elementary excitations of quantum matter and plays a key role in a range of emergent phenomena, from binding and condensation to quantum thermalization and many-body localization. Here, we employ a Rydberg quantum simulator to experimentally demonstrate strongly correlated spin transport in anisotropic Heisenberg magnets, where the magnon-magnon interaction can be tuned two orders of magnitude larger than the magnon hopping strength. In our approach, the motion of magnons is controlled by an induced spin-exchange interaction through Rydberg dressing, which enables coherent transport of a single Rydberg excitation across a chain of ground-state atoms. As the most prominent signature of a giant anisotropy, we show that nearby Rydberg excitations form distinct types of magnon bound states, where a tightly bound pair exhibits frozen dynamics in a fragmented Hilbert space, while a loosely bound pair propagates and establishes correlations beyond a single lattice site. Our scheme complements studies using resonant dipole-dipole interactions between Rydberg states, and opens the door to exploring quantum thermodynamics with ultrastrong interactions and kinetic constraints.

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