GRANDE: Gradient-Based Decision Tree Ensembles for Tabular Data

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.17130v3
• Date: Tue, 12 Mar 2024 08:30:39 GMT
• Title: GRANDE: Gradient-Based Decision Tree Ensembles for Tabular Data
• Authors: Sascha Marton, Stefan L\"udtke, Christian Bartelt, Heiner Stuckenschmidt
• Abstract summary: We propose a novel approach for learning hard, axis-aligned decision tree ensembles using end-to-end gradient descent. Grande is based on a dense representation of tree ensembles, which affords to use backpropagation with a straight-through operator. We demonstrate that our method outperforms existing gradient-boosting and deep learning frameworks on most datasets.
• Score: 9.107782510356989
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Despite the success of deep learning for text and image data, tree-based ensemble models are still state-of-the-art for machine learning with heterogeneous tabular data. However, there is a significant need for tabular-specific gradient-based methods due to their high flexibility. In this paper, we propose $\text{GRANDE}$, $\text{GRA}$die$\text{N}$t-Based $\text{D}$ecision Tree $\text{E}$nsembles, a novel approach for learning hard, axis-aligned decision tree ensembles using end-to-end gradient descent. GRANDE is based on a dense representation of tree ensembles, which affords to use backpropagation with a straight-through operator to jointly optimize all model parameters. Our method combines axis-aligned splits, which is a useful inductive bias for tabular data, with the flexibility of gradient-based optimization. Furthermore, we introduce an advanced instance-wise weighting that facilitates learning representations for both, simple and complex relations, within a single model. We conducted an extensive evaluation on a predefined benchmark with 19 classification datasets and demonstrate that our method outperforms existing gradient-boosting and deep learning frameworks on most datasets. The method is available under: https://github.com/s-marton/GRANDE

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