Miniaturized magnetic-field sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy centers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19372v4
• Date: Tue, 28 Oct 2025 13:44:22 GMT
• Title: Miniaturized magnetic-field sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Authors: Stefan Johansson, Dennis Lönard, Isabel Cardoso Barbosa, Jonas Gutsche, Jonas Witzenrath, Artur Widera,
• Abstract summary: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a prime candidate for quantum sensing technologies.<n>We present a fully integrated and mechanically robust fiber-based endoscopic sensor with a tip diameter of $1.25 mathrmmm$.<n>The sensor achieves a shot-noise-limited magnetic-field sensitivity of $5.9 mathrmnT/sqrtmathrmHz$ using a $15 mathrmmu m$-sized microdiamond at a microwave power of $50 mathrmmW$.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a prime candidate for quantum sensing technologies. Here, we present a fully integrated and mechanically robust fiber-based endoscopic sensor with a tip diameter of $1.25 \mathrm{mm}$. On its tip, a direct laser writing process is used to fixate a diamond containing NV centers above the fiber's core inside a polymer structure. Additionally, a metallic direct laser-written antenna structure next to the fiber facet allows efficient microwave manipulation of NV center spins. The sensor achieves a shot-noise-limited magnetic-field sensitivity of $5.9 \mathrm{nT}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ using a $15 \mathrm{\mu m}$-sized microdiamond at a microwave power of $50 \mathrm{mW}$ and optical power of $2.15 \mathrm{mW}$. Using lock-in techniques, we measure a sensitivity of $51.8 \mathrm{nT}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. Furthermore, we introduce a dual-fiber concept that enables, in combination with a direct laser-written structure, independent guiding of excitation and fluorescence light and thus reduces background autofluorescence. Moreover, controlled guiding of excitation light to the diamond while avoiding sample illumination may enable operation in light-sensitive environments such as biological tissue. While the demonstrated sensitivity is achieved using a single-fiber configuration, the dual-fiber approach provides a path towards integrating smaller diamonds, where autofluorescence would otherwise limit performance. We demonstrate the capability of vector magnetic field measurements in a magnetic field as used in state-of-the-art ultracold quantum gas experiments, opening a potential field in which high resolution and high sensitivity are necessary.

Related papers

• Laser intracavity absorption magnetometry for optical quantum sensing [0.0]
  We introduce laser intracavity absorption magnetometry (LICAM), a concept that is in principle applicable to a broader class of optical quantum sensors, including optically pumped magnetometers.<n>We achieve a 475-fold enhancement in optical contrast and a 180-fold improvement in magnetic sensitivity compared with a conventional single-pass geometry.<n>From our measurements, we determine a projected shot-noise-limited sensitivity in the $mathrmpT,mathrmHz-1/2$ range and show that, with realistic device improvements, sensitivities down to the $mathrmfT,mathrm
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-12-31T16:31:33Z)
• Magnetometry with Broadband Microwave Fields in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond [0.0]
  Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are optically addressable and versatile light-matter interfaces.<n>We propose an approach to simultaneously probe all of the magnetically sensitive states using a broadband microwave field.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-29T18:18:00Z)
• Two-media laser threshold magnetometry: A magnetic-field-dependent laser threshold [31.114245664719455]
  Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a promising platform for high-precision magnetometry. Laser threshold magnetometry (LTM) exploits stimulated emission of NV centers by placing an NV-doped diamond inside an optical cavity.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-04-11T11:56:17Z)
• Enhanced quantum magnetometry with a laser-written integrated photonic diamond chip [0.0]
  In this paper, we demonstrate enhanced quantum magnetometry via a high-quality buried laser-written waveguide in diamond.<n>We show that the waveguide-coupled nitrogen-vacancy centers exhibit comparable spin coherence properties as that of nitrogen-vacancy centers in pristine diamond.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-02-04T16:53:22Z)
• First Sub-MeV Dark Matter Search with the QROCODILE Experiment Using Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors [51.550188330599525]
  We present the first results from the Quantum Resolution-d Cryogenic Observatory for Dark matter Incident at Low Energy (QROCODILE)<n>The QROCODILE experiment uses a microwire-based superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) as a target and sensor for dark matter scattering and absorption.<n>We report new world-leading constraints on the interactions of sub-MeV dark matter particles with masses as low as 30 keV.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-12-20T19:00:00Z)
• Laser-written micro-channel atomic magnetometer [0.6282171844772422]
  We demonstrate a sensitive optically-pumped magnetometer using rubidium vapor and 0.75 amg of nitrogen buffer gas. The device can be integrated with photonic structures and microfluidic channels with 3D versatility.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-04-22T16:59:48Z)
• Diamond quantum magnetometer with dc sensitivity of < 10 pT Hz$^{-1/2}$ toward measurement of biomagnetic field [0.0]
  We present a sensitive diamond quantum sensor with a magnetic field sensitivity of $9.4 pm 0.1mathrmpT/sqrtHz$ in a near-dc frequency range of 5 to 100Hz. This sensor is based on the continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance of an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers along the [111] direction in a diamond (111) single crystal.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-09-08T03:12:32Z)
• Mid-infrared spectroscopy with a broadly tunable thin-film lithium niobate optical parametric oscillator [45.82374977939355]
  Device generates 25 mW of mid-infrared light at 3.2 microns, offering a power conversion efficiency of 15%. We demonstrate the tuning and performance of the device by successfully measuring the spectra of methane and ammonia.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-07-09T15:08:35Z)
• Magnetic field imaging by hBN quantum sensor nanoarray [1.559812637550576]
  We demonstrate high-spatial-resolution magnetic field imaging with a boron vacancy (V$_textB-$) defects array in hexagonal boron nitride with a few 10 nm thickness. The sensor array allows us to visualize the magnetic field induced by the current in the wire with a spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-01-30T03:54:19Z)
• All-Optical Nuclear Quantum Sensing using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond [52.77024349608834]
  Microwave or radio-frequency driving poses a significant limitation for miniaturization, energy-efficiency and non-invasiveness of quantum sensors. We overcome this limitation by demonstrating a purely optical approach to coherent quantum sensing. Our results pave the way for highly compact quantum sensors to be employed for magnetometry or gyroscopy applications.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-12-14T08:34:11Z)
• A Quantum Repeater Platform based on Single SiV$^-$ Centers in Diamond with Cavity-Assisted, All-Optical Spin Access and Fast Coherent Driving [45.82374977939355]
  Quantum key distribution enables secure communication based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum repeaters are required to establish large-scale quantum networks. We present an efficient spin-photon interface for quantum repeaters.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-10-28T14:33:24Z)
• Quantum-limited millimeter wave to optical transduction [50.663540427505616]
  Long distance transmission of quantum information is a central ingredient of distributed quantum information processors. Current approaches to transduction employ solid state links between electrical and optical domains. We demonstrate quantum-limited transduction of millimeter-wave (mmwave) photons into optical photons using cold $85$Rb atoms as the transducer.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-07-20T18:04:26Z)
• Sub-micron spin-based magnetic field imaging with an organic light emitting diode [0.0]
  We demonstrate an integrated organic light emitting diode (OLED) based quantum sensor for magnetic field imaging. By considering the monolithic OLED as an array of individual virtual sensors, we achieve sub-micron magnetic field mapping with field sensitivity of 160 $mu$T Hz$-1/2$ um$-2$.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-07-06T07:10:16Z)
• Picotesla magnetometry of microwave fields with diamond sensors [10.513633393682966]
  Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for such purpose. Existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. We present a continuous heterodyne detection method that can enhance the sensor's response to weak microwaves.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-06-17T03:45:49Z)
• On-chip single-photon subtraction by individual silicon vacancy centers in a laser-written diamond waveguide [48.7576911714538]
  Laser-written diamond photonics offers three-dimensional fabrication capabilities and large mode-field diameters matched to fiber optic technology. To realize large cooperativities, we combine excitation of single shallow-implanted silicon vacancy centers via large numerical aperture optics. We demonstrate single-emitter extinction measurements with a cooperativity of 0.153 and a beta factor of 13% yielding 15.3% as lower bound for the quantum efficiency of a single emitter.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-11-02T16:01:15Z)
• Near-Field Terahertz Nanoscopy of Coplanar Microwave Resonators [61.035185179008224]
  Superconducting quantum circuits are one of the leading quantum computing platforms. To advance superconducting quantum computing to a point of practical importance, it is critical to identify and address material imperfections that lead to decoherence. Here, we use terahertz Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy to probe the local dielectric properties and carrier concentrations of wet-etched aluminum resonators on silicon.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-06-24T11:06:34Z)
• A high-sensitivity fiber-coupled diamond magnetometer with surface coating [19.468384174783917]
  Nitrogen-vacancy quantum defects in diamond offer a promising platform for magnetometry. We present a high-sensitivity and wide-bandwidth fiber-based quantum magnetometer for practical applications.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-02-24T11:53:03Z)
• Fiberized diamond-based vector magnetometers [0.0]
  We present two fiberized vector magnetic-field sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The sensors feature sub-nT/$sqrttextrmHz$ magnetic sensitivity.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-02-23T19:26:57Z)
• Laser threshold magnetometry using green light absorption by diamond nitrogen vacancies in an external cavity laser [52.77024349608834]
  Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have attracted considerable recent interest for use in quantum sensing. We show theoretical sensitivity to magnetic field on the pT/sqrt(Hz) level is possible using a diamond with an optimal density of NV centers.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-01-22T18:58:05Z)
• An integrated magnetometry platform with stackable waveguide-assisted detection channels for sensing arrays [45.82374977939355]
  We present a novel architecture which allows us to create NV$-$-centers a few nanometers below the diamond surface. We experimentally verify the coupling efficiency, showcase the detection of magnetic resonance signals through the waveguides and perform first proof-of-principle experiments in magnetic field and temperature sensing. In the future, our approach will enable the development of two-dimensional sensing arrays facilitating spatially and temporally correlated magnetometry.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-12-04T12:59:29Z)
• Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using a diamond quantum sensor [41.91891973513696]
  We show an alternative technique for detecting magnetic fields generated by the current from action potentials in living tissue using nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond. We show these measurements can be performed in an ordinary, unshielded lab environment and that the signal can be easily recovered by digital signal processing techniques.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-08-03T16:40:44Z)
• Optimisation of a diamond nitrogen vacancy centre magnetometer for sensing of biological signals [44.62475518267084]
  We present advances in biomagnetometry using nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond. We show magnetic field sensitivity of approximately 100 pT/$sqrtHz$ in the DC/low frequency range using a setup designed for biological measurements.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-04-05T18:44:34Z)
• Force and acceleration sensing with optically levitated nanogram masses at microkelvin temperatures [57.72546394254112]
  This paper demonstrates cooling of the center-of-mass motion of 10 $mu$m-diameter optically levitated silica spheres to an effective temperature of $50pm22 mu$K. It is shown that under these conditions the spheres remain stably trapped at pressures of $sim 10-7$ mbar with no active cooling for periods longer than a day.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-01-29T16:20:35Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.