Related papers: Unitary-invariant witnesses of quantum imaginarity

Unitary-invariant witnesses of quantum imaginarity

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.15066v1
Date: Fri, 22 Mar 2024 09:46:58 GMT
Title: Unitary-invariant witnesses of quantum imaginarity
Authors: Carlos Fernandes, Rafael Wagner, Leonardo Novo, Ernesto F. Galvão,
Abstract summary: We show that simple pairwise overlap measurements suffice to witness imaginarity of sets of 4 states, but not for sets of 3. Our witnesses are experimentally friendly, opening up a new path for measuring and using imaginarity as a resource.
Score: 8.700842317740943
License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Abstract: Quantum theory is traditionally formulated using complex numbers. This imaginarity of quantum theory has been quantified as a resource with applications in discrimination tasks, pseudorandomness generation, and quantum metrology. Here we propose witnesses for imaginarity that are basis-independent, relying on measurements of unitary-invariant properties of sets of states. For 3 pure states, we completely characterize the invariant values attainable by quantum theory, and give a partial characterization for 4 pure states. We show that simple pairwise overlap measurements suffice to witness imaginarity of sets of 4 states, but not for sets of 3. Our witnesses are experimentally friendly, opening up a new path for measuring and using imaginarity as a resource.

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