Rethinking Self-training for Semi-supervised Landmark Detection: A Selection-free Approach

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.04556v2
• Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2024 02:02:15 GMT
• Title: Rethinking Self-training for Semi-supervised Landmark Detection: A Selection-free Approach
• Authors: Haibo Jin, Haoxuan Che, Hao Chen,
• Abstract summary: Self-Training for Landmark Detection (STLD) is a method that does not require explicit pseudo-label selection. STLD constructs a task curriculum to deal with confirmation bias. Experiments on three facial and one medical landmark detection benchmark show that STLD outperforms the existing methods.
• Score: 4.511384690621755
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Self-training is a simple yet effective method for semi-supervised learning, during which pseudo-label selection plays an important role for handling confirmation bias. Despite its popularity, applying self-training to landmark detection faces three problems: 1) The selected confident pseudo-labels often contain data bias, which may hurt model performance; 2) It is not easy to decide a proper threshold for sample selection as the localization task can be sensitive to noisy pseudo-labels; 3) coordinate regression does not output confidence, making selection-based self-training infeasible. To address the above issues, we propose Self-Training for Landmark Detection (STLD), a method that does not require explicit pseudo-label selection. Instead, STLD constructs a task curriculum to deal with confirmation bias, which progressively transitions from more confident to less confident tasks over the rounds of self-training. Pseudo pretraining and shrink regression are two essential components for such a curriculum, where the former is the first task of the curriculum for providing a better model initialization and the latter is further added in the later rounds to directly leverage the pseudo-labels in a coarse-to-fine manner. Experiments on three facial and one medical landmark detection benchmark show that STLD outperforms the existing methods consistently in both semi- and omni-supervised settings. The code is available at https://github.com/jhb86253817/STLD.

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