Tracking light-matter correlations in the Optical Bloch Equations: Dynamics, Energetics

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.09648v3
• Date: Fri, 29 Nov 2024 15:47:26 GMT
• Title: Tracking light-matter correlations in the Optical Bloch Equations: Dynamics, Energetics
• Authors: Samyak Pratyush Prasad, Maria Maffei, Patrice A. Camati, Cyril Elouard, Alexia Auffèves,
• Abstract summary: We build a new kind of ACM which keeps track of the emitter-field correlations formed within each collision. Within each collision, each system is shown to be driven by an effective Hamiltonian, while a remnant term captures the effect of correlations. This new ACM can be extended to study the impact of correlations on various quantum open systems.
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• Abstract: Optical Bloch Equations (OBEs) are coarse-grained equations modeling the dynamics of driven quantum emitters coupled to heat baths. At the fundamental level, they are derived from the evolution of isolated emitter-field systems ruled by autonomous collision models (ACMs), where the fields encompass both drives and baths. The OBEs have given rise to consistent thermodynamic analyses, where work (heat) flows from the drive (bath). These models do not explicitly capture the emitter-field correlations formed within each collision. Here we build a new kind of ACM which keeps track of these correlations, and exploit it to propose a new thermodynamic framework where correlations play a central role. Within each collision, each system is shown to be driven by an effective Hamiltonian, while a remnant term captures the effect of correlations. On the emitter side, this results in splitting the thermal dissipator in two terms: self-driving term proportional to the atom coherences in the energy basis, and a correlation term. On the field side, the two respectively impact the field amplitude and fluctuations, resulting in a physically observable splitting. Following this, we define work-like (heat-like) flows as the energy changes stemming from the effective Hamiltonian dynamics (correlating processes) which are accessible through -dyne or spectroscopic measurements. Our approach differs from former analyses by the emitter self-work, yielding a tighter expression of the second law. We relate this tightening to the extra-knowledge about the field state, as compared to open system frameworks. This new ACM can be extended to study the impact of correlations on various quantum open systems. It deepens the current understanding of quantum thermodynamics, energy management at quantum scales and can be probed in state-of-the-art quantum hardware, such as superconducting and photonic circuits.

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