Quantum bistability in the hyperfine ground state of atoms
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.01893v1
- Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2023 12:42:50 GMT
- Title: Quantum bistability in the hyperfine ground state of atoms
- Authors: B. G\'abor, D. Nagy, A. Vukics and P. Domokos
- Abstract summary: We show that atoms in an optical cavity can manifest a first-order dissipative phase transition.
These states include hyperfine ground states of atoms and coherent states of electromagnetic field modes.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: First order phase transitions are ubiquitous in nature, however, this notion
is ambiguous and highly debated in the case of quantum systems out of thermal
equilibrium. We construct a paradigmatic example which allows for elucidating
the key concepts. We show that atoms in an optical cavity can manifest a
first-order dissipative phase transition where the stable co-existing phases
are quantum states with high quantum purity. These states include hyperfine
ground states of atoms and coherent states of electromagnetic field modes. The
scheme benefits from the collective enhancement of the coupling between the
atoms and the cavity field. Thereby we propose a readily feasible experimental
scheme to study the dissipative phase transition phenomenology in the quantum
limit, allowing for, in particular, performing a finite-size scaling to the
thermodynamic limit.
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