Does Generative AI speak Nigerian-Pidgin?: Issues about Representativeness and Bias for Multilingualism in LLMs

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.19442v2
• Date: Wed, 23 Oct 2024 17:46:13 GMT
• Title: Does Generative AI speak Nigerian-Pidgin?: Issues about Representativeness and Bias for Multilingualism in LLMs
• Authors: David Ifeoluwa Adelani, A. Seza Doğruöz, Iyanuoluwa Shode, Anuoluwapo Aremu,
• Abstract summary: Naija is a Nigerian-Pidgin spoken by approx. 120M speakers in Nigeria. It is a mixed language (e.g., English, Portuguese, Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo) It is hard to distinguish by non-native from a larger pidgin languages spoken across West Africa known as West African Pidgin English (WAPE)
• Score: 8.829688681748413
• License:
• Abstract: Nigeria is a multilingual country with 500+ languages. Naija is a Nigerian-Pidgin spoken by approx. 120M speakers in Nigeria and it is a mixed language (e.g., English, Portuguese, Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo). Although it has mainly been a spoken language until recently, there are now various platforms publishing exclusively in Naija such as Naija Wikipedia. However, it is hard to distinguish by non-native from a larger pidgin languages spoken across West Africa known as West African Pidgin English (WAPE) -- which is more simplied and understandable by wider audience in Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon. BBC news platform publishes exclusively in WAPE to cater for several countries in West Africa. In our paper, we show through statistical analyses and Machine Translation experiments that these two creole varieties do not represent each other (i.e., there are linguistic differences in word order and vocabulary) and Generative AI operates only based on WAPE. In other words, Naija is under-represented in Generative AI, and it is hard to teach LLMs with few examples.

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