Aligning Multiclass Neural Network Classifier Criterion with Task Performance via $F_β$-Score

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.20954v1
• Date: Fri, 31 May 2024 15:54:01 GMT
• Title: Aligning Multiclass Neural Network Classifier Criterion with Task Performance via $F_β$-Score
• Authors: Nathan Tsoi, Deyuan Li, Taesoo Daniel Lee, Marynel Vázquez,
• Abstract summary: Multiclass neural network classifiers are typically trained using cross-entropy loss. It is questionable whether the use of cross-entropy will yield a classifier that aligns with the intended application-specific performance criteria. We present a theoretical analysis that shows that our method can be used to optimize for a soft-set based approximation of Macro-$F_beta$.
• Score: 2.8583357090792703
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: Multiclass neural network classifiers are typically trained using cross-entropy loss. Following training, the performance of this same neural network is evaluated using an application-specific metric based on the multiclass confusion matrix, such as the Macro $F_\beta$-Score. It is questionable whether the use of cross-entropy will yield a classifier that aligns with the intended application-specific performance criteria, particularly in scenarios where there is a need to emphasize one aspect of classifier performance. For example, if greater precision is preferred over recall, the $\beta$ value in the $F_\beta$ evaluation metric can be adjusted accordingly, but the cross-entropy objective remains unaware of this preference during training. We propose a method that addresses this training-evaluation gap for multiclass neural network classifiers such that users can train these models informed by the desired final $F_\beta$-Score. Following prior work in binary classification, we utilize the concepts of the soft-set confusion matrices and a piecewise-linear approximation of the Heaviside step function. Our method extends the $2 \times 2$ binary soft-set confusion matrix to a multiclass $d \times d$ confusion matrix and proposes dynamic adaptation of the threshold value $\tau$, which parameterizes the piecewise-linear Heaviside approximation during run-time. We present a theoretical analysis that shows that our method can be used to optimize for a soft-set based approximation of Macro-$F_\beta$ that is a consistent estimator of Macro-$F_\beta$, and our extensive experiments show the practical effectiveness of our approach.

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