Jailbreaking Quantum Computers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05941v1
• Date: Mon, 10 Jun 2024 00:11:05 GMT
• Title: Jailbreaking Quantum Computers
• Authors: Chuanqi Xu, Jakub Szefer,
• Abstract summary: This work presents the first thorough exploration of the attacks on the interface between gate-level and pulse-level quantum circuits. It shows that most current software development kits are vulnerable to these new types of attacks. The exploration of security and privacy issues of the rising pulse-level quantum circuits provides insight into the future development of secure quantum software development kits and quantum computer systems.
• Score: 10.353892677735212
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: This work presented the first thorough exploration of the attacks on the interface between gate-level and pulse-level quantum circuits and pulse-level quantum circuits themselves. Typically, quantum circuits and programs that execute on quantum computers, are defined using gate-level primitives. However, to improve the expressivity of quantum circuits and to allow better optimization, pulse-level circuits are now often used. The attacks presented in this work leverage the inconsistency between the gate-level description of the custom gate, and the actual, low-level pulse implementation of this gate. By manipulating the custom gate specification, this work proposes numerous attacks: qubit plunder, qubit block, qubit reorder, timing mismatch, frequency mismatch, phase mismatch, and waveform mismatch. This work demonstrates these attacks on the real quantum computer and simulator, and shows that most current software development kits are vulnerable to these new types of attacks. In the end, this work proposes a defense framework. The exploration of security and privacy issues of the rising pulse-level quantum circuits provides insight into the future development of secure quantum software development kits and quantum computer systems.

Related papers

• A Quantum-Classical Collaborative Training Architecture Based on Quantum State Fidelity [50.387179833629254]
  We introduce a collaborative classical-quantum architecture called co-TenQu. Co-TenQu enhances a classical deep neural network by up to 41.72% in a fair setting. It outperforms other quantum-based methods by up to 1.9 times and achieves similar accuracy while utilizing 70.59% fewer qubits.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-02-23T14:09:41Z)
• Quantum Circuit Reconstruction from Power Side-Channel Attacks on Quantum Computer Controllers [11.148634764855407]
  A novel type of threat to quantum circuits that dedicated attackers could launch are power trace attacks. This paper presents first formalization and demonstration of using power traces to unlock and steal quantum circuit secrets.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-29T03:56:21Z)
• QuantumSEA: In-Time Sparse Exploration for Noise Adaptive Quantum Circuits [82.50620782471485]
  QuantumSEA is an in-time sparse exploration for noise-adaptive quantum circuits. It aims to achieve two key objectives: (1) implicit circuits capacity during training and (2) noise robustness. Our method establishes state-of-the-art results with only half the number of quantum gates and 2x time saving of circuit executions.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-10T22:33:00Z)
• Hybrid Gate-Pulse Model for Variational Quantum Algorithms [33.73469431747376]
  Current quantum programs are mostly compiled on the gate-level, where quantum circuits are composed of quantum gates. pulse-level optimization has gained more attention from researchers due to their advantages in terms of circuit duration. We present a hybrid gate-pulse model that can mitigate these problems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-12-01T17:06:35Z)
• Quantum circuit debugging and sensitivity analysis via local inversions [62.997667081978825]
  We present a technique that pinpoints the sections of a quantum circuit that affect the circuit output the most. We demonstrate the practicality and efficacy of the proposed technique by applying it to example algorithmic circuits implemented on IBM quantum machines.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-04-12T19:39:31Z)
• Interactive Protocols for Classically-Verifiable Quantum Advantage [46.093185827838035]
  "Interactions" between a prover and a verifier can bridge the gap between verifiability and implementation. We demonstrate the first implementation of an interactive quantum advantage protocol, using an ion trap quantum computer.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-12-09T19:00:00Z)
• Cyberattacks on Quantum Networked Computation and Communications -- Hacking the Superdense Coding Protocol on IBM's Quantum Computers [0.0]
  We study two types of attacks on automated quantum communications protocols. We show that, due to quantum entanglement and symmetries, the second type of attack works as a way to strategically disrupt quantum communications networks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-15T09:42:36Z)
• Error Mitigation in Quantum Computers through Instruction Scheduling [7.0230815242347475]
  Current quantum devices suffer from the rapid accumulation of error that prevents the storage of quantum information over extended periods. This paper presents TimeStitch, a framework that pinpoints the optimum execution schedules for single-qubit gates within quantum circuits.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-04T20:58:58Z)
• Boundaries of quantum supremacy via random circuit sampling [69.16452769334367]
  Google's recent quantum supremacy experiment heralded a transition point where quantum computing performed a computational task, random circuit sampling. We examine the constraints of the observed quantum runtime advantage in a larger number of qubits and gates.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-05-05T20:11:53Z)
• Optimized Quantum Compilation for Near-Term Algorithms with OpenPulse [5.038480082598899]
  We introduce a compiler that exploits direct control at the microarchitectural level to achieve significant improvements for quantum programs. We validate our techniques with millions of experimental shots on IBM quantum computers, controlled via the OpenPulse control interface. For representative benchmarks, our pulse control techniques achieve both 1.6x lower error rates and 2x faster execution time, relative to standard gate-based compilation.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-04-23T14:57:00Z)
• Enabling Pulse-level Programming, Compilation, and Execution in XACC [78.8942067357231]
  Gate-model quantum processing units (QPUs) are currently available from vendors over the cloud. Digital quantum programming approaches exist to run low-depth circuits on physical hardware. Vendors are beginning to open this pulse-level control system to the public via specified interfaces.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-03-26T15:08:32Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.